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The National Convention marked a pivotal phase in the French Revolution, transitioning France to a republic and abolishing the monarchy. It was characterized by internal factions, the Montagnards, Girondins, and the Plain, and faced challenges like the Vendée uprising and European wars. Key events included the execution of King Louis XVI, the Reign of Terror led by the Committee of Public Safety, and significant reforms such as the 1793 Constitution and the abolition of slavery in colonies.
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The National Convention succeeded the Legislative Assembly and marked France's transition to a republic
Electoral Reforms
The National Convention implemented electoral reforms, extending suffrage to all male citizens over 21 with a stable residence
Three Principal Factions
The National Convention was characterized by the presence of three factions: the radical Montagnards, the moderate Girondins, and the neutral Plain
War and Internal Conflicts
The National Convention faced challenges such as war and internal conflicts, leading to the creation of the Committee of Public Safety
Reforms and Policies
The National Convention implemented reforms and policies, including a new Constitution, public education, and the abolition of slavery in French colonies
The National Convention's decision to try and execute King Louis XVI in 1793 highlighted ideological divisions within the assembly
The National Convention's creation of the Committee of Public Safety and its policies during the Reign of Terror led to widespread executions and the fall of Robespierre
The National Convention's radical actions eventually led to a reactionary movement known as the Thermidorian Reaction and the transition to the more moderate French Directory
The National Convention's actions helped defend against foreign and domestic threats and prevent the reestablishment of absolute monarchy in France
The National Convention's recognition of the political importance of the urban proletariat set a precedent for future political developments and contributed to the evolution of French democratic governance
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Event leading to National Convention's establishment
Insurrection at the Tuileries Palace led to King Louis XVI's suspension.
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National Convention's legislative structure
Unicameral assembly with 749 deputies.
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Significant governance change by National Convention
Abolition of monarchy and establishment of the first French republic.
