Separation of Parents

Hughes' parents' separation led him to live with his grandmother, who had a strong influence on his views on race and abolition

Living with Grandmother

Lessons on Racial Pride and Abolition

Hughes' grandmother taught him about the importance of racial pride and the abolitionist movement

Moving with Mother and Stepfather

After his grandmother's death, Hughes moved with his mother and stepfather to various cities before settling in Cleveland, where he began writing poetry

High School and Early Writing

Hughes' interest in writing was sparked during his time at Central High School, where he was influenced by the works of Carl Sandburg and Walt Whitman

College and Dropping Out

Racial Prejudice at Columbia University

Hughes left Columbia University after one year due to racial prejudice

Interest in Harlem Arts Scene

Hughes' growing interest in the Harlem arts scene also contributed to his decision to drop out of college

Travel and Work

After leaving college, Hughes traveled and worked in various places, including Africa, Europe, and Asia

Poetry and Prose

Hughes' extensive body of work includes poetry, short stories, and plays that celebrate African-American culture and the experiences of the working class

Political Views and Activism

Sympathy for Leftist Causes

Hughes' experiences abroad and observations of social injustice led him to sympathize with leftist causes

Criticism and McCarthy Era

Hughes faced criticism and was called before the Senate Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations during the McCarthy era for his past affiliations

Autobiography and Character Creation

The Big Sea

Hughes' autobiography, "The Big Sea," offers insights into his life and the times he lived in

"Simple" Character

Hughes created the beloved character Jesse B. Semple, known as "Simple," in a column for the Chicago Defender, using humor to comment on race relations and social injustice

Enduring Influence

Hughes' legacy endures as a seminal figure of the Harlem Renaissance and as a poet who gave voice to the African-American experience, influencing countless writers and activists

Civil Rights Advocacy

Hughes' advocacy for civil rights aligned with the nonviolent activism of figures like Martin Luther King Jr

Harlem Residency and Death

Hughes remained a resident of Harlem until his death on May 22, 1967