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Topological insulators are materials with a unique quantum mechanical nature, exhibiting insulating properties in their bulk while conducting electricity on their surfaces or edges. These materials are key to advancements in electronics, spintronics, and quantum computing due to their robust surface states, spin-momentum locking, and resistance to certain impurities. The exploration of two-dimensional and three-dimensional topological insulators reveals a diverse landscape with potential applications in various technological domains.
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The energy levels that electrons can occupy in a solid
Spin-Orbit Coupling
The influence of spin-orbit coupling on the formation of surface states in topological insulators
The fixed relationship between an electron's momentum and its spin, advantageous for creating spintronic devices
The ability of topological insulators to conduct on their surfaces and resist non-magnetic disturbances
The protection of surface states by symmetry and topological invariants, and the fixed relationship between spin and momentum
Materials with edge conduction and resistance to backscattering, promising for spintronics and quantum computing
The potential for utilizing electron spin in information processing and using edge states as qubits in quantum computers
The possibility of enhancing solar cell efficiency with topological insulators
Materials with surface conductivity and insulating bulk properties, crucial for low power and high speed computing and exploring new quantum phenomena
Materials that combine magnetic characteristics with topological insulating behavior, with potential applications in quantum computing and spintronics
Materials with protected states at corners or hinges, expanding the concept of conducting states
Materials with quantized conductance and nontrivial Chern numbers, fundamental to the quantum Hall effect and its broader implications
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