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Eukaryotic DNA replication is a vital process for cell division, involving the semiconservative synthesis of DNA during the S phase. It starts at origins of replication with the origin recognition complex (ORC) and progresses with the assembly of the pre-replication complex (pre-RC), including Cdc6, Cdt1, and Mcm2-7. Accurate replication is ensured by cell cycle regulation and the action of specific kinases.
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Eukaryotic DNA replication is a semiconservative process where each new DNA molecule contains one original and one newly synthesized strand
Definition of Replisome
The replisome is a complex of proteins responsible for unwinding the double helix and synthesizing new DNA strands during eukaryotic DNA replication
Function of Replisome in Semiconservative Replication
The replisome ensures the genetic fidelity and continuity of eukaryotic species by accurately synthesizing new DNA strands using the original strands as templates
Semiconservative replication occurs during the S phase of the cell cycle within the nucleus of eukaryotic cells
Origins of replication are specific sites where DNA replication begins in eukaryotic cells
Definition of ORC
The origin recognition complex (ORC) is a protein complex that recognizes and marks the precise location of origins of replication in eukaryotic cells
Function of ORC in Initiation
The ORC recruits other replication factors to form the pre-replication complex (pre-RC) and initiates DNA replication at the origins of replication
The pre-RC is assembled by the ORC, Cdc6, Cdt1, and Mcm2-7 proteins, which facilitate the loading of the helicase complex onto the DNA to prepare for replication
The cell cycle is divided into phases (G1, S, and G2) that ensure DNA is replicated once per cycle and provide opportunities for DNA repair mechanisms to correct any errors
Definition of Kinases
Kinases are enzymes that activate the replication complex by phosphorylating components of the pre-RC
Role of Kinases in Replication
Kinases, such as cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) and Dbf4-dependent kinase (DDK), trigger the transition from the pre-RC to the active replication complex, ensuring accurate and efficient DNA replication
00
The process of ______ DNA replication is vital for life continuation, as it ensures each cell gets a precise genome copy.
Eukaryotic
01
DNA replication in eukaryotes takes place in the ______ during the ______ of the cell cycle.
nucleus
S phase
02
A group of proteins called the ______ performs the replication by unwinding the DNA and creating two new matching strands.
replisome
