Ions, charged particles formed by atoms gaining or losing electrons, are central to chemical reactions and electrical conductivity. Cations, with a positive charge, lose electrons, while anions gain electrons and carry a negative charge. Ionic radii influence the properties of ions, and ion exchange resins are key in water treatment. The periodic table guides the prediction of ion formation, essential for understanding ionic bonds and compound structures.
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Ions are atoms or molecules that have gained or lost electrons, resulting in a net electrical charge, with anions having a surplus of negative charge and cations having a deficit of negative charge
Cations
Cations are formed when atoms lose electrons, resulting in a greater number of protons than electrons
Anions
Anions are formed when atoms gain electrons, resulting in a greater number of electrons than protons
Ions exhibit different behaviors in chemical and physical processes, such as their movement in an electric field during electrolysis
Anions typically have a larger ionic radius than their corresponding neutral atoms, while cations have a smaller ionic radius due to the loss of electrons
Ionic radii play a critical role in determining the properties and interactions of ions in compounds
Ion exchange resins are polymers used in water treatment processes to facilitate the exchange of ions between the resin and a solution
The periodic table provides a framework for predicting ion formation, which is essential in understanding ionic bonding and the structure of ionic compounds
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Definition of anion
An anion is a negatively charged ion formed by the acquisition of one or more electrons.
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Definition of cation
A cation is a positively charged ion created by the loss of one or more electrons.
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Ion migration during electrolysis
In electrolysis, cations move toward the cathode and anions move toward the anode due to the electric field.
