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The Stuart Restoration marked the return of the monarchy in England after the Commonwealth's collapse. It began with Charles II's restoration in 1660, following the Declaration of Breda, and ended with the Glorious Revolution in 1688. This period saw significant religious legislation, colonial expansion, and the establishment of parliamentary sovereignty, shaping the future of the British constitutional monarchy and its empire.
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The death of Oliver Cromwell led to instability and the dissolution of the Rump Parliament, ultimately facilitating the restoration of the monarchy
Richard Cromwell lacked the political acumen and military support to sustain the Commonwealth, leading to its downfall
Charles II's peaceful restoration was secured through his promises of a general pardon, religious toleration, and ruling in conjunction with Parliament
The Clarendon Code, named after Charles II's chief minister, aimed to reassert the Church of England's supremacy through laws such as the Corporation Act, Act of Uniformity, and Conventicle and Five Mile Acts
The Test Act was a measure to exclude Catholics from positions of power and was a reaction to James II's conversion, leading to tensions and political discord
James II's efforts to extend religious freedom ultimately led to his deposition and replacement by his Protestant daughter and her husband, ushering in a constitutional monarchy
Charles II played a pivotal role in expanding England's colonial empire through the chartering of the Carolinas, acquisition of New York and New Jersey, and granting of Pennsylvania
The growth of Restoration colonies, such as the Carolinas, New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania, contributed to England's prosperity and strengthened its position as a colonial power
The expansion of England's colonial empire during the Restoration period had a significant impact on its economy, making it a formidable competitor against other European powers
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The monarchy was restored in 1660 when ______ II, the son of the beheaded king, was invited back to the throne.
Charles
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Location of Charles II during Declaration of Breda negotiations
Breda, Netherlands
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Date of Charles II's coronation post-restoration
April 23, 1661
