Intellectual disabilities involve limitations in intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior, identified often when developmental milestones are not met. Symptoms range from learning difficulties to social challenges. Diagnosis combines IQ tests and adaptive behavior evaluations. Severity levels, from mild to profound, guide support services. Differentiating from ADHD and ASD is crucial, as is understanding causes like FASDs, 22q11.2 DS, and FXS for effective intervention.
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Intellectual disabilities are characterized by significant limitations in intellectual functioning
Types of Adaptive Behaviors
Adaptive behaviors include everyday social and practical skills
Impact on Daily Life Functions
Impairments in adaptive behaviors can significantly impact daily life functions
Diagnosis of intellectual disabilities involves intelligence assessments and evaluations of adaptive behaviors
Symptoms of intellectual disabilities can range from difficulties with learning and memory to challenges in social understanding and decision-making
Mild
Individuals with mild intellectual disabilities may achieve functional academic skills and live semi-independently
Moderate
Individuals with moderate intellectual disabilities may have delayed development in speech and language and require some support
Severe
Individuals with severe intellectual disabilities may have minimal communication skills and require constant support and care
Profound
Individuals with profound intellectual disabilities may have significant impairments in both intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior
Intellectual disabilities must be differentiated from other developmental disorders such as ADHD and ASD
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASDs)
FASDs are a significant cause of intellectual disabilities, resulting from alcohol exposure during pregnancy
22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome (22q11.2 DS)
22q11.2 DS is a genetic condition associated with developmental delays and cognitive challenges
Fragile X Syndrome (FXS)
FXS is a genetic disorder affecting learning, behavior, and sensory processing, with a higher incidence in males
Understanding the severity levels of intellectual disabilities is crucial for providing appropriate support and interventions
It is important to distinguish intellectual disabilities from other developmental disorders to ensure proper management
Different types of intellectual disabilities, such as FASDs, 22q11.2 DS, and FXS, require individualized support and intervention strategies
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Intellectual disabilities are developmental conditions marked by substantial limitations in ______ functioning and ______ behavior.
intellectual
adaptive
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The ______, specifically its Fifth Edition, outlines intellectual disability as possessing subpar intellectual abilities and difficulties in two or more ______ behaviors affecting everyday life.
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5)
adaptive
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Symptoms of intellectual disabilities
Difficulties with learning, memory, speech, language, social understanding, decision-making.
