Transition from Supernatural Beliefs to Evidence-Based Perspective

Psychology has evolved from attributing mental health disorders to supernatural causes to recognizing them as complex conditions influenced by biological, psychological, environmental, and social factors

Advancements in Research Methodologies

Neuroscientific Studies

Neuroimaging techniques such as MRI, fMRI, MEG, and EEG have revolutionized our understanding of the brain's role in behavior and mental processes

Behavioral Assessments

Tests like the MMSE, when combined with neuroimaging data, provide a more comprehensive understanding of the relationship between brain activity and observable behavior

Controversies and Pioneering Studies

Early Explorations and Pseudoscience

Early brain research involved risky procedures and false claims, but seminal case studies like those of Phineas Gage and patient H.M. laid the groundwork for modern neuroscience

Study of Serial Killers

Research on serial killers has explored the complex interplay of biological, psychological, and sociological factors in extreme forms of behavior

Hypothetico-Deductive Method

The scientific approach to brain research involves testing theories against empirical evidence, acknowledging that they can be supported or refuted but not proven conclusively

Controlled Experiments

Contemporary studies often use controlled experiments, including neuroimaging, to observe brain activity and its correlation with behavior, enhancing our understanding of cognitive functions and mental disorders