The NAACP's formation, inspired by the Niagara Movement, marked a pivotal moment in civil rights history, advocating for equality and fighting against racial injustice. Early legal victories, such as Buchanan v. Warley, and the landmark Brown v. Board of Education case, challenged segregation. The NAACP also campaigned against lynching, with support from the American Jewish community and the labor movement, contributing to the advancement of civil rights.
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Washington promoted vocational education and economic self-reliance as a gradual approach to civil rights
Du Bois and Trotter formed the Niagara Movement, which called for full civil liberties and an end to racial discrimination
The Niagara Movement laid the groundwork for the establishment of the NAACP in 1909, which became a leading organization in the fight for civil rights
The NAACP's legal arm secured several landmark Supreme Court decisions, including Buchanan v. Warley and Guinn v. United States, which struck down residential segregation and the "grandfather clause" respectively
The organization faced opposition from groups like the Ku Klux Klan and the spread of racist ideologies through mediums such as the film "The Birth of a Nation."
The NAACP investigated and publicized lynchings, lobbied for federal anti-lynching legislation, and provided support and legal defense for black individuals and communities targeted by racial violence
Under the leadership of Thurgood Marshall, the NAACP strategically litigated cases to highlight the inequalities of segregated schools, leading to the landmark Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education
The decision faced considerable resistance, particularly in the Southern states where "massive resistance" policies were enacted
The American Jewish community played a notable role in supporting the civil rights movement through co-founding the NAACP, philanthropic contributions, and advocacy for civil rights legislation
The post-World War I era saw the rise of a more assertive and self-confident approach to civil rights and black empowerment
Garvey's movement advocated for black economic independence and a return to African cultural roots, but also promoted separatist ideas
Despite a mixed history with regard to race, the labor movement showed potential for contributing to the broader civil rights movement through advocating for economic justice and workers' rights
00
In the early ______ century, African American leaders like ______ debated methods to address racial discrimination.
20th
Booker T. Washington
01
The ______ Movement, established in 1905, aimed for full civil liberties and met initially in Canada due to U.S. racial discrimination.
Niagara
02
Although the Niagara Movement was brief, it set the stage for the creation of the ______ in 1909, a key civil rights organization.
NAACP
