Intellectual disabilities involve significant limitations in intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior, manifesting before age 18. This text delves into the symptoms, importance of IQ testing for diagnosis, and differentiation from other developmental disorders like ADHD and ASD. It also discusses prevalent forms such as FASD, 22q11.2 DS, and FXS, highlighting the need for tailored support and interventions.
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Intellectual disabilities are characterized by deficits in intellectual functions such as reasoning, problem-solving, and academic learning
Individuals with intellectual disabilities also have impairments in adaptive functioning, which includes everyday social and practical skills
Intellectual disabilities arise during the developmental period and can significantly impact an individual's ability to perform tasks at an expected level for their age and cultural group
Early signs of intellectual disabilities may include delayed milestones, difficulty with problem-solving and logical thinking, and trouble learning in school
As individuals with intellectual disabilities mature, they may face ongoing challenges with conceptual, social, and practical skills
Symptoms of intellectual disabilities are diverse and can manifest in various ways during a child's developmental period
IQ testing is a critical component in the diagnosis of intellectual disabilities, with a score of 70 or below, accompanied by significant limitations in adaptive functioning, suggesting an intellectual disability
The severity of intellectual disabilities is often categorized into four levels based on IQ score and adaptive functioning, determining the extent of support and intervention needed
It is essential to differentiate intellectual disabilities from other developmental disorders, such as ADHD and ASD, to provide tailored support and interventions
Intellectual disabilities can result from various causes, with some of the more common types being FASD, 22q11.2 DS, and FXS
FASD is caused by prenatal alcohol exposure and can lead to a spectrum of effects, including cognitive deficits, behavioral problems, and learning disabilities
FXS, the most common inherited form of intellectual disability, is associated with a variety of developmental and behavioral challenges, such as learning disabilities, attention deficits, and anxiety disorders
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Intellectual disabilities are defined by significant limitations in ______ functioning and ______ behavior, which includes social and practical skills.
intellectual
adaptive
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The condition known as intellectual disability must manifest before the age of ______, affecting the ability to perform age-appropriate tasks.
18
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Challenges in social interactions for intellectual disabilities
Difficulty understanding social rules, maintaining friendships, and showing empathy.
