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The division of Germany after World War II led to the creation of West Germany and East Germany, each influenced by opposing ideologies. West Germany, established under democratic and capitalist principles, experienced an economic miracle in the 1950s. East Germany, under Soviet control, faced repression and economic challenges, with the Stasi enforcing strict surveillance. The Cold War era saw West Germany's integration into Western defense and economic systems, while East Germany's collapse led to reunification in 1990.
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West Germany was established as a democratic and capitalist state influenced by the Allied powers
Influence of the Soviet Union
East Germany was formed as a socialist state under the control of the Soviet Union
Challenges faced by East Germany
East Germany struggled with political repression and economic stagnation under Soviet occupation
The Potsdam Agreement in 1945 officially divided Germany into two separate states
The Basic Law, adopted in 1949, emphasized federalism and safeguarded against authoritarianism
The Marshall Plan aided in the economic recovery of West Germany in the 1950s
West Germany became a sovereign state on May 23, 1949, with Konrad Adenauer as the first Chancellor
The Socialist Unity Party enforced strict control and suppressed dissent in East Germany
East Germany's centralized planned economy struggled without resources and was burdened by reparations to the Soviet Union
The Berlin Wall, built in 1961, symbolized the isolation and control of East Germany's government
Internal resistance and external political changes, such as Gorbachev's policies, led to the eventual collapse of East Germany
The fall of the Berlin Wall on November 9, 1989, marked the end of the division between East and West Germany
The Peaceful Revolution in East Germany and negotiations led to the formal reunification of Germany on October 3, 1990
00
The ______ in 1945 led to the establishment of West and East Germany as separate entities in ______.
Potsdam Agreement
1949
01
Year and significance of West Germany's Basic Law adoption
Adopted in 1949, established federalism, judiciary strength, and parliamentary system to prevent authoritarian rule.
02
Marshall Plan's role in West Germany's economy
Provided financial aid post-WWII, crucial for 'Wirtschaftswunder' or economic miracle in the 1950s.
