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The U.S. Supreme Court, as the highest federal judiciary authority, ensures equal justice and interprets the Constitution. It exercises judicial review, a power to invalidate laws conflicting with the Constitution, established by Marbury v. Madison. Justices serve life terms, appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate, impacting law and society through landmark decisions.
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The Supreme Court was created by Article III of the U.S. Constitution and consists of nine Justices
Judicial Review
Through judicial review, the Court ensures that the other branches of government adhere to the Constitution
Annual Term and Case Selection
The Court's annual term begins in October and ends in June or July, during which it hears oral arguments and reviews briefs on select cases
Chief Justice's Role
The Chief Justice presides over the Court's public sessions and has significant administrative responsibilities
Justices are nominated by the President and serve for life, ensuring judicial independence
The Court has made significant decisions on civil rights, such as Brown v. Board of Education, which declared racial segregation in public schools unconstitutional
The Court's decisions have addressed the limits of government power, ensuring checks and balances in the separation of powers
The Court's rulings have recognized and protected individual liberties, such as the right to choose an abortion in Roe v. Wade
The Supreme Court acts as a check on the other branches of government, ensuring laws and executive actions are in accordance with the Constitution
The Court's interpretations of the Constitution help to prevent the concentration of unchecked power and maintain the balance of power in American democracy
The Court's interpretations of the Constitution are binding and have a significant impact on the application of laws, individual rights, and government powers
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The ______ is the apex of the judicial branch in the U.S., with the power to review cases involving federal law.
Supreme Court of the United States (SCOTUS)
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Inferior courts establishment authority
Congress has the power to establish and ordain lower federal courts.
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Supreme Court's function as guardian
Acts as the protector and interpreter of the U.S. Constitution.
