Academic English: A Guide to Scholarly Communication

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Academic English is a specialized form of communication used in scholarly contexts, characterized by formality, precision, and structured argumentation. It employs a formal style, precise vocabulary, and is typically impersonal and objective. The text explores the role of vocabulary, appropriate contexts for using Academic English, its distinguishing features, and the importance of English for Academic Purposes (EAP) courses.

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______ English (AE) is used in scholarly contexts, including reading, writing, and discussing ______ subjects.

Academic

academic

Academic writing is known for its formal style and should be ______ and ______, even when discussing complex ideas.

clear

concise

Academic Word List (AWL) purpose

Lists common academic terms to aid in appropriate vocabulary selection.

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Appropriate Contexts for Using Academic English

Academic English is primarily used in educational and scholarly environments, and is not the norm in everyday conversation. It is suitable for formal academic documents such as theses, dissertations, journal articles, research papers, essays, and presentations. Employing AE in these settings underscores the formal and intellectual nature of the discourse, aligning with the expectations of academic communication.

Characteristics of Academic English

Academic English is characterized by its formality and objectivity. It typically avoids contractions, colloquial expressions, and slang, favoring the third person perspective. The passive voice may be used to create an impersonal tone, contributing to the objectivity of the writing. Academic texts often use cautious language, employing terms like 'suggest', 'indicate', or 'imply' to recognize the provisional nature of knowledge. Critical analysis, evidence-based arguments, and proper citations are fundamental, as is maintaining a balanced tone devoid of emotive language or personal bias. Clarity and explicit structure are paramount, with references serving to substantiate claims and facilitate source verification.

Academic English Phrases and Structures

Employing specific phrases and structures can significantly enhance the coherence and persuasiveness of academic writing. Phrases that introduce critical analysis, comparisons, definitions, examples, and transitions help to construct a logical and compelling argument. These linguistic tools guide the reader through the narrative, ensuring that the text remains engaging and comprehensible.

English for Academic Purposes (EAP)

English for Academic Purposes (EAP) is a branch of instruction designed to equip non-native English speakers with the linguistic skills necessary for academic study. It falls under the broader umbrella of English Language Teaching (ELT) and English for Specific Purposes (ESP). EAP courses emphasize academic vocabulary, grammar, and syntax, as well as key academic competencies such as critical thinking, research methodologies, and argumentation. While EAP is primarily targeted at non-native speakers, many educational institutions offer these courses to all students to bolster their academic literacy.

Distinguishing Academic English from General English

Academic English is markedly different from General English, which may include a range of informal expressions, idioms, and varying levels of formality. In contrast, AE maintains a consistent level of formality, eschews contractions and colloquialisms, and is typically written in the third person. It aims for a neutral, unbiased tone and avoids idiomatic expressions. These distinctions are crucial in ensuring that academic writing remains professional and suitable for its scholarly audience.

Key Takeaways in Academic English

In conclusion, Academic English is a specialized linguistic form designed for scholarly communication. It is characterized by formality, objectivity, and a structured approach that emphasizes clarity and precision. Academic writers must be mindful of their audience, employing appropriate vocabulary and structural elements to effectively articulate complex concepts. The overarching aim is to inform and guide the reader through a logical argument, demonstrating a comprehensive understanding of the topic. Academic English is an indispensable tool for students and professionals in academia, facilitating their participation in scholarly discourse and contributing to their fields of expertise.

Academic English: A Guide to Scholarly Communication

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Summary

Outline

Academic English: A Guide to Scholarly Communication

Characteristics of Academic English

Formality and Objectivity

Vocabulary and Terminology

Structure and Clarity

Usage of Academic English

Contexts for Academic English

Formal Academic Documents

Expectations of Academic Communication

Enhancing Academic Writing

Linguistic Tools for Coherence and Persuasiveness

English for Academic Purposes (EAP)

Distinctions from General English

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