Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a mental health condition characterized by persistent sadness, anhedonia, and impairment in daily life. It differs from general depression in its severity and chronic nature. Risk factors include genetics, neurotransmitter imbalances, and psychosocial elements. Symptoms range from emotional to physical, such as sleep disturbances and cognitive issues. Diagnosis follows DSM-5 criteria, and treatments involve psychotherapy, medication, and lifestyle changes.
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MDD is a chronic mental health condition characterized by persistent feelings of sadness, lack of interest in enjoyable activities, and a decrease in overall life quality
Definition of general depression
General depression refers to a transient mood state that can result from life's challenges and stressors, while MDD is a diagnosable condition with severe and enduring symptoms
Symptoms of MDD include persistent sadness, anhedonia, cognitive impairments, changes in weight or appetite, sleep disturbances, and thoughts of death or suicide
MDD is caused by a combination of genetic, neurobiological, and psychosocial factors
A family history of depression can increase susceptibility to MDD
Chronic stress, significant losses, and social isolation can precipitate or worsen MDD
To be diagnosed with MDD, an individual must experience symptoms for at least two weeks and have significant impairment in daily functioning
DSM-5
Mental health professionals use the criteria outlined in the DSM-5 to diagnose MDD
Screening tools
Tools such as the PHQ-9, BDI, and HDRS are used to quantify the severity of depression and monitor treatment progress
Treatment for MDD may include psychotherapy, medication, and lifestyle modifications
Living with MDD can lead to stigma, discrimination, and challenges in personal and professional relationships
Lifestyle modifications, such as exercise and maintaining a healthy diet, can help prevent MDD, but it is not always possible to prevent due to the complex nature of the disorder
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To be diagnosed with ______, symptoms must persist for a minimum duration of ______.
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)
two weeks
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Criteria for diagnosing MDD
MDD diagnosis requires persistent severe symptoms, impairing daily life, not just transient mood changes.
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Duration comparison: MDD vs. general depression
MDD is enduring and chronic; general depression may resolve without intervention.
