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Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)

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Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a mental health condition characterized by persistent sadness, anhedonia, and impairment in daily life. It differs from general depression in its severity and chronic nature. Risk factors include genetics, neurotransmitter imbalances, and psychosocial elements. Symptoms range from emotional to physical, such as sleep disturbances and cognitive issues. Diagnosis follows DSM-5 criteria, and treatments involve psychotherapy, medication, and lifestyle changes.

Understanding Major Depressive Disorder

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), commonly referred to as clinical depression, is a significant mental health condition marked by a pervasive sense of sadness, a profound lack of interest in enjoyable activities, and a substantial reduction in life quality. This disorder is distinguished from normal fluctuations in mood by its chronic nature, typically requiring symptoms to be present for at least two weeks. MDD can profoundly affect an individual's ability to perform daily tasks, including work, sleep, study, and eating, and can diminish the capacity to experience pleasure, a condition known as anhedonia. Medical intervention is often necessary for those suffering from MDD.
Serene medical office with wooden desk and stethoscope, glass of water, blue chair, green plant and door with frosted glass.

Differentiating Between MDD and General Depression

It is crucial to distinguish between Major Depressive Disorder and the broader, non-clinical use of the term 'depression.' While the latter may refer to a transient mood state that can result from life's challenges and stressors, MDD is a diagnosable condition that entails severe and enduring symptoms. General depression can be a normal, albeit painful, response to life events and may resolve on its own, but MDD is characterized by its persistence and the degree to which it impairs an individual's daily life.

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00

To be diagnosed with ______, symptoms must persist for a minimum duration of ______.

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)

two weeks

01

Criteria for diagnosing MDD

MDD diagnosis requires persistent severe symptoms, impairing daily life, not just transient mood changes.

02

Duration comparison: MDD vs. general depression

MDD is enduring and chronic; general depression may resolve without intervention.

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