The Treaty of Versailles and its consequences, including Germany's reparations and the Ruhr occupation, shaped post-WWI Europe. The treaty imposed a heavy financial burden on Germany, leading to economic hardship and hyperinflation. France's occupation of the Ruhr in response to reparation defaults triggered passive resistance and further economic decline, culminating in the Dawes Plan to stabilize the German economy.
Show More
The clause required Germany to pay reparations and hold responsibility for World War I
Financial Burden
The imposed reparations caused severe economic hardship for Germany
Defaults and Strained Relations
Germany's failure to meet reparation payments strained international relations
Poincare's firm stance against Germany led to a shift in Franco-German relations and increased pressure for compliance with the Treaty of Versailles
French and Belgian troops occupied the Ruhr region, Germany's industrial center, in January 1923
Passive Resistance
German workers engaged in strikes and sabotage to resist the occupiers' efforts
Economic Repercussions
The policy of passive resistance led to a decrease in industrial output, scarcity of materials, and hyperinflation
The Dawes Plan, implemented in 1924, aimed to restructure reparations and stabilize Germany's economy
The Ruhr occupation intensified the hyperinflation crisis and led to economic recovery through the Dawes Plan
Resentment and Extremism
The occupation and perceived government ineffectiveness led to resentment and the emergence of extremist groups like the Nazi Party
Munich Beer Hall Putsch
The failed coup in November 1923 was a direct reaction to the national humiliation and economic distress caused by the Ruhr occupation
The Dawes Plan improved relations and promoted economic stability in Europe, but was only a temporary respite before the Great Depression and resurgence of German militarism
00
The ______ of ______, concluded on ______ ______, ______, led to Germany being held accountable for World War I through hefty financial penalties.
Treaty of Versailles
June 28
1919
01
Poincare's roles in French government, 1922
Became Prime Minister and Foreign Minister of France.
02
Germany's reparation obligations, 1922
Failed to deliver timber and coal, leading to default declaration.
