Victimisation in sociology, or victimology, examines the characteristics and experiences of crime victims, focusing on why certain demographics are more vulnerable and the impact of crime on these groups. It delves into determinants like gender, ethnicity, and social class, and discusses theories from positivist to critical victimology, highlighting the need for a nuanced understanding of victimisation to inform justice and prevention policies.
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Victimisation is the subject within sociology that examines the characteristics and experiences of individuals who fall prey to crime
Demographics
Sociological investigations have identified various demographic factors, such as gender, ethnicity, social class, age, and disability, that can increase vulnerability to crime
Repeat victimisation
Repeat victimisation is a troubling phenomenon where victims of crime are more likely to be targeted again, and addressing this issue is crucial in reducing overall crime rates
Positivist victimology
Positivist victimology focuses on individual characteristics and behaviors that may contribute to victimisation, while also examining the concept of 'victim proneness'
Critical victimology
Critical victimology highlights structural inequalities, such as poverty and patriarchal systems, as contributing factors to victimisation, and critiques the exploitation of the label of 'victim' by the state
Sociology is the study of society and social behavior, including the examination of social structures, institutions, and interactions
Criminal justice system
Sociology plays a crucial role in understanding the broader context of victimisation and aiding in the delivery of justice to victims
Crime prevention
By identifying patterns of victimisation and its root causes, sociology can contribute to the creation of effective crime prevention policies
Victimology
Victimology is a subfield of sociology that specifically focuses on the study of crime victims and their experiences
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Victimisation: Sociological vs. Legal Definition
Sociological: Studies crime victims' characteristics, reasons for vulnerability. Legal: Pertains to unjust treatment, e.g., workplace discrimination.
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Purpose of Victimology
Analyzes why certain demographics are more prone to crime victimhood and the impact on these groups.
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Empirical Evidence in Victimisation Studies
Utilizes data from sources like the Crime Survey for England and Wales (CSEW) to understand crime victimhood distribution and dynamics.
