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The War of the Roses was a transformative civil conflict in England, fought between the houses of York and Lancaster. Key events included the battles of St. Albans and Towton, the rise of Edward IV, and the eventual victory of Henry Tudor at Bosworth Field. The war's end and the union of the two houses under the Tudor dynasty marked a new era of peace and the strengthening of the monarchy.
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The War of the Roses was a series of civil wars fought between the houses of York and Lancaster, both descended from King Edward III
The Black Prince and Richard II
The conflict began with the death of Edward III's eldest son, the Black Prince, and the ascension of his son, Richard II, to the throne
Henry of Bolingbroke and the Lancastrian Dynasty
Henry of Bolingbroke, a descendant of Edward III through the male line, deposed Richard II and founded the Lancastrian dynasty
Yorkist Claim to the Throne
The Yorkist claim originated from Edward III's second surviving son, Lionel of Antwerp, and his descendants believed their claim was superior
The enduring symbolism of the red rose of Lancaster and the white rose of York was reconciled by the marriage of Henry VII and Elizabeth of York, creating the Tudor Rose and uniting the two houses
Richard, Duke of York, initially positioned himself as a reformer and protector of the realm but was drawn into open conflict with the Lancastrian loyalists
St. Albans, Ludford Bridge, Northampton
These battles reshaped the political landscape and saw the capture of Henry VI by the Yorkists
Wakefield, Towton, Tewkesbury
These battles resulted in the death of Richard of York, the rise of his son Edward IV to the throne, and the eventual triumph of the Yorkists
Death of Henry VI and Rise of Henry VII
The mysterious death of Henry VI in the Tower of London and the Yorkist triumph at Tewkesbury further consolidated Yorkist power
Accession of Henry VII and Marriage to Elizabeth of York
Henry VII's victory at the Battle of Bosworth Field and his marriage to Elizabeth of York ended the dynastic feuding and founded the Tudor dynasty
The establishment of the Tudor dynasty marked the end of medieval England's feudal conflicts
The Tudor dynasty heralded a period of relative peace and the strengthening of the English monarchy
The War of the Roses was a complex dynastic conflict that had a profound impact on the course of English history, involving battles, shifts in power, and the rise and fall of key figures over three decades
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The ______ of the Roses was a conflict for control of England's crown, involving the York and Lancaster houses, both tracing lineage to ______ III.
War
Edward
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Outcome of the War of the Roses
Henry VII won, married Elizabeth of York, uniting Lancaster and York.
02
Significance of the Tudor Rose
Symbolizes the end of the conflict and the merger of Lancaster and York.
