Family Background

Malcolm X's parents were active supporters of Marcus Garvey's Universal Negro Improvement Association, which influenced his early life

Racial Injustice and Family Hardship

Harassment and Tragedies

Malcolm X's family faced frequent harassment from white supremacist groups and experienced tragedies such as the burning of their home and the suspicious death of his father

Foster Homes

After his mother's institutionalization, Malcolm X and his siblings were split up into foster homes, shaping his worldview and activism

Intellectual Curiosity and Conversion to Islam

While incarcerated, Malcolm X's intellectual curiosity flourished and he converted to Islam, embracing the ideology of the Nation of Islam

Minister and Spokesperson

As a minister and spokesperson for the Nation of Islam, Malcolm X advocated for Black empowerment and the right to self-defense against racial aggression

Controversial Rhetoric and FBI Monitoring

Malcolm X's assertive and polarizing rhetoric attracted the attention of the FBI, who began monitoring his activities

Philosophy of Self-Defense

Malcolm X believed in the legitimacy of self-defense in the face of systemic oppression, famously stating "by any means necessary."

Discovery of Elijah Muhammad's Indiscretions

Malcolm X's disillusionment with the Nation of Islam began when he discovered Elijah Muhammad's personal indiscretions

Formation of New Organizations

After leaving the Nation of Islam, Malcolm X founded Muslim Mosque, Inc. and the Organization of Afro-American Unity

Transformative Pilgrimage to Mecca

Malcolm X's pilgrimage to Mecca led to a transformation in his beliefs and a more inclusive and international approach to civil rights

Global Perspective and Emphasis on Unity

Malcolm X's experiences in Africa and the Middle East broadened his perspective and led him to emphasize the common struggles of people of African descent worldwide

Establishment of the Organization of Afro-American Unity

In 1964, Malcolm X established the Organization of Afro-American Unity to fight for the human rights of African Americans and bring their plight to the international stage

Enduring Legacy and Influence

Malcolm X's impact on the Civil Rights Movement and his advocacy for Black pride and self-determination continue to inspire generations and serve as a model for personal growth