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The New Right Perspective on Education

Exploring the New Right's perspective on education, which emphasizes marketization, competition, and alignment with business principles. It advocates for educational reforms like the UK's Education Reform Act of 1988, the introduction of vocational education, and the creation of academies and free schools. The approach, rooted in neoliberalism, aims to prepare students for a global economy but faces criticism for perpetuating inequalities.

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1

Influence of Neoliberal Principles on New Right

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New Right education views shaped by neoliberalism, advocating free-market capitalism, minimal state intervention.

2

Economic Efficiency in Education

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New Right promotes schools operating like businesses, focusing on cost-effectiveness and performance metrics.

3

Competition and Accountability in Schools

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New Right encourages school competition to improve quality, with accountability measures to track progress.

4

Neoliberal ideology connects the value of ______ to its role in readying a country for ______ competition.

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education global economic

5

Marketization of education according to New Right

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New Right advocates for education to operate as a market, with schools competing to raise standards and efficiency.

6

New Right's view on education's role in socialization

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Believes education should instill common cultural norms and values, fostering national identity.

7

Impact of competition in education per New Right

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Competition is seen as a catalyst for innovation and improvement in educational quality, reinforcing national unity.

8

To align schools with business practices, the 1988 Act increased headteachers' control over budgets and linked funding to ______ numbers.

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student enrollment

9

New Right's key educational initiatives in the UK

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Creation of City Technology Colleges and National Vocational Qualifications

10

Purpose of City Technology Colleges (CTCs)

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To provide specialized vocational education aligning with economic needs

11

Role of National Vocational Qualifications (NVQs)

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To certify specific job skills, enhancing employability and economic competitiveness

12

These educational institutions are designed to address ______ and ______ by providing more ______ and encouraging ______.

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educational inequalities underperformance autonomy innovation

13

Impact of systemic inequalities on education

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New Right's education criticized for ignoring how class, gender, race affect learning opportunities.

14

Role of social/political structures in education

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Critics say New Right neglects influence of societal systems on individual educational success.

15

Marxist view on competitive education

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Marxists argue school competition favors wealthy, perpetuates social hierarchy, undermines equal opportunity.

16

The ______ Revolution in Chile highlighted the issues with a market-based education system, emphasizing the need for policies addressing educational ______.

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Penguin inequalities

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The New Right Perspective on Education

The New Right perspective on education is grounded in the belief that educational institutions should be run with the efficiency and dynamism of a business. This view is influenced by neoliberal principles, which advocate for free-market capitalism and minimal government interference. Neoliberalism values economic efficiency, personal responsibility, and competition as drivers of progress. In the educational context, this translates to a system where schools are encouraged to compete with each other to raise standards and accountability, with the overarching aim of equipping students with the skills necessary to thrive in a competitive global economy.
Modern and bright classroom with teacher's semicircular desk, acrylic chair, student desks with closed laptops and turned off smartboard.

Neoliberal Influence on Educational Policies

Neoliberal ideology has profoundly influenced educational policies by promoting the marketization of education. This perspective holds that education's worth is linked to its effectiveness in preparing a nation to compete in the global economy. By conceptualizing schools as businesses and students as future market contributors, neoliberalism fosters competition among educational institutions and positions parents as consumers, which is believed to incentivize schools to improve their performance and cater to the needs of students and parents, all while reducing the perceived constraints of state regulation.

Educational Ideals of the New Right

The New Right, which encompasses conservative political ideologies, has embraced neoliberal concepts and applied them to the education system. It argues for the marketization of education, positing that the state is not equipped to satisfy everyone's educational needs and that public services, including education, should be competitive. The New Right shares the functionalist view that education should socialize students into common cultural norms and values, thus promoting national identity. They assert that competition not only spurs innovation and elevates educational standards but also reinforces a sense of national identity through a common educational experience.

Market-Oriented Educational Reforms

Driven by New Right ideology, various educational reforms have been enacted to infuse market mechanisms into the education sector. The UK's Education Reform Act of 1988 is a prime example, introducing the national curriculum, the Office for Standards in Education (Ofsted), National League Tables, and Standard Assessment Tests (SATs). These reforms were designed to expand parental choice, diminish the influence of Local Education Authorities, and tie school funding to student enrollment figures. The Act also granted headteachers greater control over school budgets, further aligning educational institutions with business practices.

Emphasis on Vocational Education and New Types of Schools

The New Right places significant emphasis on vocational education, viewing it as crucial for imparting specific skills that contribute to economic prosperity. The creation of City Technology Colleges (CTCs) and the implementation of National Vocational Qualifications (NVQs) in the UK are indicative of efforts to align education with economic needs. These initiatives reflect the New Right's conviction that specialized education is necessary to prepare students for the labor market and to enhance the nation's economic competitiveness.

Autonomy in Academies and Free Schools

The development of academies and free schools represents another aspect of the New Right's influence on education. These types of schools, often supported by private sector sponsorship, aim to tackle educational inequalities and underperformance by granting more autonomy and fostering innovation. The rationale is that by reducing governmental oversight and increasing private sector involvement, schools can more effectively meet the diverse needs of students and improve educational outcomes.

Criticisms of the New Right Educational Approach

The New Right's approach to education has been criticized for overlooking systemic inequalities and for shifting responsibility from the state to the individual. Critics argue that this perspective neglects the impact of class, gender, and racial disparities on educational opportunities and fails to consider how social and political structures shape individual success. Marxists, in particular, argue that the competitive nature of schools under this approach disproportionately benefits the wealthy, reinforcing existing social hierarchies and contravening the principle of equal educational opportunity.

Global Implications of New Right Education: Chile as a Case Study

Chile's experience with neoliberal education policies under Augusto Pinochet's regime provides a global perspective on the New Right's educational impact. The introduction of a voucher system and the proliferation of private schooling were intended to foster competition and enhance choice. However, these policies often resulted in limited access for lower-income families and exacerbated educational inequalities. The Chilean student protests, also known as the Penguin Revolution, underscored the flaws of a market-driven educational system and the necessity for policies that tackle the fundamental causes of educational disparity.