Ionic bonding is a fundamental chemical interaction where ions with opposite charges attract to form stable compounds. Metals lose electrons to become cations, while non-metals gain electrons to become anions, leading to the formation of crystalline lattices. These compounds exhibit high melting and boiling points, are water-soluble, and can conduct electricity when dissolved. The strength of ionic bonds depends on the ions' charge and size, with higher charges and smaller ions creating stronger bonds. Ionic radii vary based on electron shells and charge, affecting the bond strength and properties of the compounds.
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Ionic bonding is a type of chemical bond that involves the attraction between positively and negatively charged ions
Electron Transfer
Ionic bonds are formed when electrons are transferred from metals to non-metals, resulting in the formation of positively and negatively charged ions
Stable Electron Configuration
The transfer of electrons in ionic bonding allows ions to achieve a stable electron configuration similar to that of noble gases
Ionic compounds are electrically neutral, have a crystalline lattice structure, and are characterized by high melting and boiling points
The strength of ionic bonds is influenced by the magnitude of the charges and the size of the ions involved
Cations and Anions
Cations have a smaller ionic radius than their parent atoms, while anions have a larger ionic radius due to changes in electron configuration
Isoelectronic Ions
Isoelectronic ions with a higher positive charge have a smaller ionic radius, while those with a higher negative charge have a larger ionic radius
Ionic compounds can conduct electricity when dissolved in water or molten due to the mobility of ions
Ionic compounds are typically water-soluble due to the polar nature of water molecules
Ionic compounds are brittle and can fracture easily due to the repulsion between ions of the same charge
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Ionic bond formation between metals and non-metals
Metals lose electrons to form cations, non-metals gain electrons to form anions, resulting in electrostatic attraction.
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Electron transfer and noble gas stability
Electron transfer in ionic bonding leads to stable electron configurations similar to noble gases.
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Electrical neutrality in ionic compounds
Ionic compounds are neutral; total positive charges of cations equal total negative charges of anions.
