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The Amazon River's journey begins in Peru and extends through Brazil, fed by numerous tributaries. Its course, from the Andean highlands to the Amazon rainforest, is marked by the absence of bridges and a contested length. The river's origins, from the Nevado Mismi to the Río Mantaro, and its vast estuary, play a crucial role in its ecosystem and the surrounding geography.
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The Nevado Mismi, a snow-capped peak in Peru, was traditionally believed to be the source of the Amazon River
A 2014 study proposed the Río Mantaro as the true source of the Amazon River, extending its length by 80 kilometers
The exact source of the Amazon River continues to be a topic of scientific inquiry and discussion
The Amazon River begins at the confluence of the Apurímac and Río Mantaro, forming the Ene River
The Amazon River meanders through the rainforest, with its banks subject to seasonal flooding and occasional hills
The Amazon River is fed by numerous tributaries from Peru, Colombia, and Ecuador, contributing to its remarkable volume and width
The Upper Amazon, also known as the Solimões, encompasses river systems and floodplains in Brazil, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, and Venezuela
The Amazon River receives water from major tributaries such as the Putumayo, Caquetá, Vaupés, and Guainía
The Upper Amazon is characterized by anabranches and a network of natural canals, forming islands within the flooded forests
The Lower Amazon is marked by the meeting of the dark Rio Negro and sandy-hued Rio Solimões, which flow alongside each other without mixing
The lower reaches of the Amazon are believed to have been an ancient gulf of the Atlantic Ocean, as suggested by the presence of cliffs near Óbidos
The Amazon's estuary is expansive, with the Pará River and Marajó island contributing to its breadth of up to 325 kilometers