Corrosion is the chemical degradation of metals due to environmental interactions, leading to structures like iron transforming into oxides or hydroxides. Factors such as moisture, oxygen, and corrosive gases accelerate this process. Prevention techniques include barrier protection, electroplating, and using corrosion-resistant materials. Understanding and mitigating corrosion is crucial for maintaining the integrity of metal infrastructures.
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Corrosion is the process of materials, especially metals, deteriorating due to chemical interactions with their environment
Formation of stable chemical forms
Corrosion leads to the transformation of metals into more stable chemical forms such as oxides, hydroxides, or sulfides
Corrosion is an electrochemical process that involves the flow of electrons from one material to another
The presence of moisture and oxygen can initiate and accelerate the corrosion process
Corrosive elements such as chlorine, sulfur dioxide, and hydrogen sulfide can exacerbate the oxidation of metals
Electrical currents and mechanical stress can induce forms of corrosion like stress corrosion cracking, which can lead to sudden and catastrophic failures
Barrier protection involves applying coatings such as paint or grease to isolate the metal from the environment
Electroplating
Electroplating deposits a protective metal layer onto the base metal
Galvanization
Galvanization specifically coats iron or steel with zinc, which corrodes preferentially and protects the base metal
Some metals, like stainless steel and noble metals such as gold, silver, and platinum, naturally resist corrosion
General attack corrosion uniformly affects the entire surface of a metal
Pitting, crevice, and filiform corrosion
Localized corrosion concentrates on specific areas, leading to pitting, crevice, or filiform corrosion, which can significantly weaken metal from within
Galvanic corrosion occurs when two different metals are electrically connected in a corrosive electrolyte, causing accelerated corrosion in the less noble metal and reduced corrosion in the more noble metal
Corrosion poses significant risks to metal structures and components, potentially leading to hazardous failures
A thorough understanding of corrosion and its prevention methods is essential for preserving the integrity and extending the lifespan of metal-based infrastructure and devices
Implementing protective measures such as coatings, electroplating, and utilizing inherently corrosion-resistant materials can effectively reduce the impact of corrosion, ensuring the safety and functionality of our engineered systems
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Corrosion chemical products
Metals corrode into stable forms like oxides, hydroxides, sulfides.
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Example of corrosion: Iron
Iron reacts with oxygen and moisture to form iron oxide, known as rust.
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Corrosion consequences for infrastructure
Can weaken structural integrity of pipelines, bridges, buildings, risking failures.
