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Social Justice

Exploring social justice, this content delves into its emergence during the industrial revolution and its aim to achieve fairness and equality. Philosophical contributions by John Rawls and the role of human rights, citizen participation, equity, and access are discussed. The text also examines political movements' efforts and the collaboration between government and civil society in promoting social justice, highlighting historical and modern examples like the Civil Rights Act and the #MeToo movement.

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1

______ justice strives for fair sharing of ______ and chances, and promotes the same rights and entry for everyone.

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Social wealth

2

Key work by Rawls on justice

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A Theory of Justice

3

Rawls's principle for a just society

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Most advantaged support least advantaged, basic rights for all

4

Rawls's thought experiment for justice

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Original position and veil of ignorance

5

The ______ to education is enshrined in the UK's ______ Human Rights Act.

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right 1998

6

Forms of citizen participation in democracy

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Voting, advocacy, engaging in dialogue, attending meetings, community organizing.

7

Impact of diverse viewpoints on legislation

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Facilitates equitable representation, ensures integration of varied perspectives, enhances policy relevance.

8

Unlike ______, which gives the same resources to everyone, ______ adjusts the support according to personal needs, like providing a ramp for those in wheelchairs.

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equality equity

9

Social justice barrier types

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Economic, social, physical barriers impeding full participation

10

Social justice goal for individuals

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Ensure equal access, enabling success regardless of background

11

The ______ Movement, along with others, strives for societal reform and the inclusion of ______ communities.

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Labour marginalized

12

Role of governments in social justice

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Enact laws, develop policies to correct injustices.

13

Function of civil society organizations

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Monitor government, advocate for marginalized groups.

14

Importance of synergy in social justice

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Ensures identification of deficiencies, represents all interests.

15

The ______ Act of ______ in the United States is an example of social justice, aiming to address racial inequality.

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Civil Rights 1964

16

The UK's ______ ______ Service, known as the NHS, is a manifestation of social justice through its focus on reducing economic disparity.

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National Health

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Exploring the Concept of Social Justice

Social justice is a multifaceted concept aimed at fostering a society characterized by fairness and equality. Its contemporary form emerged during the industrial revolution, an era of pronounced social and economic disparities. Social justice seeks the equitable distribution of wealth and opportunities, advocating for equal rights and access for all individuals. It is underpinned by the principles of human rights, participation, equity, and access, which are essential for the development of a cohesive and inclusive society.
Diverse group standing in solidarity, with individuals of various ages and ethnicities, some holding hands, dressed in colorful casual attire.

Philosophical Underpinnings of Social Justice

The philosophy of social justice is deeply influenced by thinkers such as John Rawls, whose work "A Theory of Justice" presents the idea of "justice as fairness." Rawls argues for a society where the most advantaged support the least advantaged and where basic rights and freedoms are guaranteed for all, facilitating mutual cooperation. His concept of the "original position" and the "veil of ignorance" is a thought experiment that suggests individuals would choose a just society if they were ignorant of their eventual position within it.

Human Rights as a Pillar of Social Justice

Human rights are integral to social justice, serving as a standard against which government actions can be measured. The incorporation of human rights into law, such as the right to education in the UK's 1998 Human Rights Act, empowers individuals to seek redress when their rights are violated. The protection and advancement of human rights are crucial for promoting social justice and ensuring that all individuals are treated with dignity and respect.

The Importance of Citizen Participation in Social Justice

Citizen participation is a vital component of social justice, referring to the ways in which individuals can express their political opinions and influence government decisions. Participation enables people to take part in democratic processes, such as voting and advocacy, to ensure that their perspectives are considered in the shaping of a just society. Such engagement is essential for equitable representation and the integration of diverse viewpoints in legislative and policy development.

Distinguishing Equity from Equality in Social Justice

Equity is a key principle of social justice that acknowledges the differing needs and circumstances of individuals, providing appropriate support to facilitate equal outcomes. In contrast to equality, which provides identical resources to all, equity involves varying levels of support based on individual needs. For example, offering a ramp for wheelchair users instead of stairs recognizes their specific requirements, ensuring equitable access to facilities.

Guaranteeing Access in a Just Society

Access is a fundamental aspect of social justice, highlighting the necessity for all members of society to utilize services and resources. Social justice efforts focus on eliminating barriers that hinder full participation, whether they are economic, social, or physical. By ensuring equal access, social justice strives to create an environment where every individual, regardless of background, has the opportunity to succeed.

Political Movements and Their Contribution to Social Justice

Social justice is a central concern of various political movements, including Liberalism, Progressivism, Social Democracy, and the Labour Movement. These movements work towards societal reform and the representation of marginalized communities, often advocating for government intervention and policy changes. Despite differing methodologies, they share the collective aim of fostering a more equitable and just society.

Collaborative Efforts for Social Justice Between Government and Civil Society

The advancement of social justice necessitates a collaborative approach between government and civil society. Governments are tasked with enacting laws and policies to rectify injustices, while civil society organizations, such as Amnesty International and Liberty, are instrumental in holding governments to account and championing the rights of marginalized groups. This synergy is crucial for identifying social justice deficiencies and ensuring comprehensive representation of all societal interests.

Social Justice in Action: Historical and Modern Instances

Examining historical and modern instances of social justice initiatives sheds light on the practical application of its tenets. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 in the United States, the creation of the UK's National Health Service (NHS), and the emergence of the #MeToo movement exemplify social justice in action. These instances underscore the persistent efforts to combat racial inequality, economic disparity, and gender-based violence, showcasing the transformative power of collective activism and legislative reform in the pursuit of a just society.