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The experimental method in psychological science is crucial for exploring causal relationships between variables. It involves a hypothesis, controlled conditions, and structured protocols to ensure research integrity. Key phases include formulating hypotheses, selecting variables, and analyzing data. The method's reliability and validity are paramount, with designs like IGD, RMD, and MPD addressing different research needs while considering potential biases and limitations.
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A clear and testable statement about the expected relationship between an independent variable and a dependent variable
The process of creating a hypothesis based on the research question
Essential for establishing causal relationships between variables in the experimental method
The method of allocating participants to different experimental conditions
Independent Groups Design (IGD)
Assigns different participants to each condition
Repeated Measures Design (RMD)
Uses the same participants for all conditions
Matched Pairs Design (MPD)
Pairs participants in conditions based on certain characteristics
Critical for determining the validity of a study and managing confounding variables
Ability to control variables, replicate studies, and establish cause-and-effect relationships
Potential for human error
May affect the accuracy of the research
Subjective interpretation of results
Can lead to biased conclusions
Time-intensive and expensive procedures
May limit the feasibility of the method
Challenges in manipulating or measuring certain variables
Can affect the validity of the study
Inability to control all extraneous variables
May impact the validity of the results
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A hypothesis is a testable statement predicting the outcome between the manipulated ______ and the measured ______.
independent variable (IV)
dependent variable (DV)
01
Hypothesis in Experimental Method
A testable prediction about the outcome of manipulating the independent variable.
02
Independent vs Dependent Variables
IV is manipulated to observe effects on DV, which is the variable being measured.
