Eukaryotic cells are defined by their complex structures, including a nucleus, various organelles, and a cytoskeleton. They perform vital functions such as DNA storage, protein synthesis, and energy production through cellular respiration in mitochondria. Plant and algal cells also engage in photosynthesis via chloroplasts. Sexual reproduction in these cells enhances genetic diversity.
Show More
The nucleus is the command center of eukaryotic cells, housing the cell's genetic material and regulating the flow of molecules between the nucleus and cytoplasm
Synthesis, Folding, and Transport of Proteins
The endoplasmic reticulum plays a crucial role in the production, modification, and transport of proteins within the cell
Eukaryotic cells have complex biochemical pathways and produce unique proteins that perform various cellular functions
The Golgi apparatus is responsible for processing, modifying, and trafficking proteins and lipids within the cell
Endocytosis allows the cell to take in external substances, while exocytosis releases cellular products to the exterior
Lysosomes play a crucial role in breaking down and recycling cellular waste and materials
Mitochondria are essential organelles in eukaryotic cells, responsible for producing ATP through cellular respiration
The inner mitochondrial membrane, with its extensive folding into cristae, is where cellular respiration takes place
The endosymbiotic theory suggests that mitochondria originated from a symbiotic relationship with a prokaryotic organism
Chloroplasts, a type of plastid, are responsible for converting light energy into chemical energy through photosynthesis
Plastids, including chloroplasts, are believed to have originated from an endosymbiotic event with cyanobacteria
Plastids have their own circular DNA, providing evidence for their endosymbiotic origin
00
The nucleus is a hallmark of ______ cells, storing DNA in the form of ______.
eukaryotic
chromosomes
01
During ______, the genetic material of a eukaryotic cell is copied and distributed to ______ cells.
mitosis
daughter
02
The ______ in eukaryotic cells includes actin filaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules.
cytoskeleton
