Black holes are cosmic phenomena with gravitational forces so strong that nothing, not even light, can escape. At their core lies the singularity, a point of infinite density. The event horizon marks the boundary beyond which information is lost to the observable universe. These objects are key to understanding spacetime and are predicted by Einstein's theory of general relativity. Advances in technology have allowed us to observe black holes directly, confirming long-standing theories and challenging our understanding of physics.
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The singularity is a point of infinite density and gravitational forces at the center of a black hole
The event horizon is the boundary beyond which no information can escape from a black hole
The Schwarzschild radius is the distance from the center of a non-rotating black hole at which the escape velocity equals the speed of light
General relativity explains gravity as the result of spacetime curvature caused by mass and energy
The Kerr metric describes the spacetime geometry of rotating black holes, taking into account their angular momentum and the ergosphere
Hawking radiation is a quantum process that allows black holes to emit particles and potentially evaporate over time
Black holes are formed from the gravitational collapse of massive stars when they can no longer counteract their own gravitational pull
Black holes can grow in size by accreting mass or merging with other black holes
The information paradox arises from the conflict between general relativity and quantum mechanics in explaining the behavior of black holes
The Event Horizon Telescope captured the first image of a black hole's shadow, providing evidence for the existence of event horizons and validating predictions of general relativity
Theoretical efforts are ongoing to solve the information paradox and achieve a unified understanding of black holes that incorporates quantum mechanics
The observation of gravitational waves from black hole mergers has confirmed predictions of general relativity and expanded our knowledge of black hole dynamics
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______ are cosmic entities with gravitational forces so strong that ______ cannot escape from them.
Black holes
light
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Singularity characteristics
Point of infinite density and gravity where known physics may not apply.
02
Event horizon significance
Boundary in a black hole where escape velocity equals speed of light; no return of information.
