Metallic solids are crystalline structures with unique properties such as high melting points, conductivity, and malleability. These solids are formed by metal atoms bonded in specific lattice arrangements like FCC, BCC, and HCP, influencing their physical characteristics. Alloys, created by combining different metals or metals with nonmetals, enhance these properties for various industrial uses. Understanding these materials is crucial for advancements in materials science.
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Metallic solids are composed of metal atoms bonded by metallic bonds, resulting in a sea of free-moving electrons
Face-Centered Cubic (FCC) Lattice
The FCC lattice is a common structure in metallic solids, affecting their density, melting point, and other physical properties
Body-Centered Cubic (BCC) Lattice
The BCC lattice is another common structure in metallic solids, contributing to their unique properties
Hexagonal Close-Packed (HCP) Lattice
The HCP lattice is a less common structure in metallic solids, but still affects their properties
The type of lattice in metallic solids can impact their density, melting point, and other physical properties, leading to a wide range of behaviors
Metallic solids are known for their high melting points, which vary across metals but are generally due to their strong metallic bonds
The sea of free-moving electrons in metallic solids allows them to efficiently conduct electricity and heat
The strong metallic bonds in metallic solids also make them ductile and malleable, allowing them to be easily deformed without breaking
The luster of metallic solids is due to the ability of their electrons to absorb and re-emit photons, giving them a shiny appearance
Metallic character refers to the extent to which an element exhibits typical metallic properties, which generally increases as one moves from the top right to the bottom left of the periodic table
The trend in metallic character is inversely related to the trend in electronegativity
Elements with higher metallic character, such as cesium, tend to be more malleable, ductile, and conductive than those with lower metallic character, such as iron, barium, or sodium
Metallic alloys are mixtures of two or more metals, or metals with nonmetals, that retain metallic properties and can be classified as interstitial or substitutional
In interstitial alloys, smaller atoms fit into the spaces between larger metal atoms, resulting in harder and stronger materials
Substitutional alloys form when atoms of similar radii replace each other in the lattice, leading to enhanced properties such as strength and corrosion resistance
00
______ solids have a structure where metal atoms are bonded by ______ bonds, creating a 'sea' of electrons that move freely.
Metallic
metallic
01
Cause of high melting points in metallic solids
Strong metallic bonds result in high melting points, varying among metals.
02
Reason for metals' ductility and malleability
Metals can be deformed into wires or sheets due to their ductility and malleability without breaking.
