Exploring the unique physiological traits of the Sama-Bajau free-divers, known as 'Sea Nomads', who have developed larger spleens for extended underwater dives. The text delves into recent human evolutionary genetics, revealing rapid changes in traits like lactase persistence and pigmentation. It also discusses the pace of human genetic diversification, ongoing natural selection in societies, modern medicine's influence on evolution, and the impact of education and lifestyle on human evolution.
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1
Role of spleen in mammalian dive reflex
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2
Natural selection in Sama-Bajau
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3
Potential for further evolutionary developments in Sama-Bajau
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4
Geneticists have used ______ to observe recent human evolutionary changes by analyzing ______.
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5
Research has shown that in the last ______ years, the British population experienced notable shifts in ______ and ______.
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6
Traits such as ______ stature, larger ______ volume, and broader ______ width have been favored by natural selection.
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7
Although less definitive, evidence suggests selection on ______ traits, indicating ongoing ______ pressures in humans.
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8
Impact of population growth on genetic variants
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9
Mutation load difference between European and African Americans
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10
Relationship between genetic mutations and disease prevalence
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11
In ______, individuals have developed a resistance to malaria within 20 generations.
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Cape Verde
12
Traits such as the timing of first childbirth, ______, and reproductive lifespan are still evolving.
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body size
13
In the ______, a preference for taller men has influenced sexual selection over the last 150 years.
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Netherlands
14
Different societal preferences have affected ______ in various cultures.
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reproductive success
15
The onset age for ______ is being postponed in humans.
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menopause
16
Certain populations are experiencing evolutionary changes in cardiovascular traits, such as ______ and blood pressure.
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cholesterol levels
17
Impact of C-sections on evolutionary dynamics
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C-sections may lead to more fetopelvic disproportion due to less natural selection on head size and pelvic width.
18
Factors influencing C-section rates
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Diabetes, obesity, and cultural/healthcare practices contribute to the varying prevalence of C-sections.
19
Dietary influence on genetic adaptations
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20
Recent ______ studies show evolutionary changes in ______ human generations.
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21
In ______, a gene variant related to ______ addiction is less common, indicating selection against heavy smokers.
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22
Genes linked to ______ diseases, such as ______, are becoming less frequent.
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23
Traits promoting increased ______ expectancy, like later ______ and postponed first childbirth, are on the rise.
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24
These findings support the idea that ______ selection continues to influence ______ populations significantly.
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25
Height's influence on reproductive success
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26
Effect of higher education on childbirth timing
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27
Genetic factors associated with longevity
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