Global stratification refers to the hierarchical arrangement of countries based on wealth, power, and resources. It encompasses economic disparities, social dimensions like gender and race, and the effects of migration. Theories such as modernization and dependency provide insight into the causes of global inequality, while the intersection of global and social stratification highlights the complexity of these issues.
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Global stratification is the structured ranking of countries based on their access to and control over resources, including wealth, power, and prestige
International trade
International trade plays a pivotal role in shaping global stratification by influencing a country's economic capabilities and international influence
Foreign investment
Foreign investment can lead to rapid economic growth in some countries, while others struggle with debt and capital flight
Global financial policies
Global financial policies also play a significant role in shaping global stratification by impacting a country's economic stability and growth
Human migration is a significant force in the reconfiguration of global stratification, as individuals and groups seek improved living conditions and employment opportunities in other countries
Human migration has profound effects on both the countries of origin and destination, influencing economic structures, labor markets, and demographic profiles
Global inequality, characterized by the uneven distribution of wealth and resources, poses significant challenges to global stability and development
Gender, race, and ethnicity
Global stratification also includes social dimensions such as gender, race, and ethnicity, which can intersect with economic disparities and lead to systemic discrimination and exclusion
Historical legacies
Historical legacies of social stratification, such as colonialism, slavery, and apartheid, have left lasting impacts on contemporary societies and contribute to entrenched social hierarchies
Gender inequality and discrimination
Gender inequality and discrimination based on sexual orientation are pervasive issues that affect individuals worldwide, demonstrating the complexity of global stratification
Scholars use economic metrics like GDP per capita and terms like "developed," "developing," and "underdeveloped" nations to categorize countries and understand global stratification
Modernization theory
Modernization theory explores the historical and contemporary relationships between nations and their economic development
Dependency theory
Dependency theory highlights patterns of exploitation and the complexities of the global economic system in perpetuating global inequality
World-systems theory
World-systems theory examines the historical and contemporary relationships between nations and the role of the global economic system in perpetuating global inequality
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Global Scale Socio-Economic Status
Comparison of nations' economic capabilities and influence internationally.
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Impact of International Trade on Stratification
Trade policies and partnerships affect nations' positions in global hierarchy.
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Consequences of Debt and Capital Flight
Some countries struggle due to high debt burdens and outflow of financial assets.
