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The Falklands War of 1982 was a significant conflict between Argentina and the UK, sparked by Argentina's invasion of the islands. It delves into the historical sovereignty dispute, diplomatic efforts for resolution, the UN Security Council's reaction, major military operations, and the impact of Prime Minister Thatcher's leadership. The war's legacy continues to influence the political landscape and the sovereignty status of the Falkland Islands.
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The Falkland Islands have a complex colonial history involving multiple claims and sovereignty disputes
Argentina's Claim
Argentina's claim to the Falkland Islands was based on geographical proximity and succession of Spanish territorial rights
UK's Claim
The UK's claim to the Falkland Islands was based on its long-term administration since 1833 and the principle of self-determination
The Falklands War was triggered by Argentina's attempt to assert sovereignty over the islands, leading to a series of military confrontations
The United Nations passed Resolution 2065 in 1965, urging Argentina and the UK to negotiate a peaceful resolution to the sovereignty dispute
Despite various proposals, including a leaseback arrangement, no agreement was reached due to the islanders' opposition and the British government's reluctance
The Argentine junta's desire to promote national pride and divert attention from domestic challenges ultimately led to their decision to invade the Falkland Islands
The UK invoked its right to self-defense and dispatched a naval task force to the South Atlantic to recover the Falkland Islands
Operation Paraquet
The recapture of South Georgia was a notable operation in the Falklands War
Operation Black Buck
The long-range bombing raids on Stanley airfield were a significant operation in the Falklands War
The Falklands War resulted in significant losses for both sides, including the sinking of the Argentine cruiser ARA General Belgrano and the destruction of the British ship HMS Sheffield
British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher's handling of the Falklands War bolstered her popularity and contributed to her party's electoral success
The Falklands War claimed the lives of hundreds of military personnel and resulted in thousands of prisoners of war
While the UK reaffirmed its sovereignty over the Falkland Islands, the underlying dispute with Argentina remains unresolved