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The rise of the United States as a global superpower after World War II led to an economic boom, the Cold War, and social transformations. The GI Bill spurred growth, creating a robust middle class and fueling consumer culture. Suburban expansion, evolving gender roles, and the Civil Rights Movement reshaped American society, while immigration policies and the Cold War's global rivalry marked U.S. foreign relations.
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The GI Bill provided returning veterans with benefits that spurred educational attainment, homeownership, and consumer spending, fueling a robust middle class
Consolidation of Labor Power
The merger of the AFL and CIO led to improved wages and working conditions, contributing to the economic growth of the post-war era
The economic prosperity of the post-war years catalyzed profound social changes, including higher standards of living, increased access to social welfare programs, and the establishment of the 40-hour workweek and paid vacations
The availability of affordable housing and favorable loan rates incentivized Americans to move to suburban areas, leading to a significant demographic shift
Return to Domestic Roles
Women, who had entered the workforce during the war, were expected to return to domestic roles, a societal pressure that would later fuel the second-wave feminist movement
The Feminine Mystique
Betty Friedan's book "The Feminine Mystique" became a seminal text for the second-wave feminist movement, voicing the discontent of many women
The post-war era saw a cultural renaissance with the rise of television, Hollywood, and rock and roll, providing platforms for social and political expression
Brown v. Board of Education
The landmark Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education marked a significant milestone in the Civil Rights Movement
Montgomery Bus Boycott
The Montgomery Bus Boycott was a pivotal event in the Civil Rights Movement, leading to the desegregation of public transportation
Civil Rights Act of 1964
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 was a landmark legislation that prohibited discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin
The post-war era was marked by social stratification and significant disparities in wealth and opportunity, particularly affecting minority communities and laying the groundwork for the Civil Rights Movement
Nuclear Arms Race
The Cold War was characterized by a nuclear arms race between the U.S. and the Soviet Union, leading to heightened tensions and fears of a nuclear war
Proxy Conflicts
The U.S. and the Soviet Union engaged in proxy conflicts in various regions, such as Korea and Vietnam, as part of their ideological and military rivalry
Red Scare and McCarthyism
The fear of communism during the Cold War led to the Red Scare and McCarthyism, characterized by extensive investigations into suspected communist sympathizers within the United States
U.S. immigration policies during the post-war era were selective, favoring migrants from Northern and Western Europe while imposing restrictions to safeguard against espionage during the Cold War