Explore the evolution of Russian absolutism, from its establishment under Ivan the Great to its culmination with Peter the Great and Catherine the Great's reigns. Delve into the Time of Troubles, the Romanov dynasty's impact, and the eventual decline leading to the 1917 Revolution and the formation of the Soviet State. Key figures, reforms, and the socio-political upheavals that shaped Russia's history are highlighted.
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Ivan III played a crucial role in centralizing power in late 15th century Russia
The term "tsar" was adopted to signify the supreme status of the ruler in Russia
The Romanov dynasty, beginning with Michael I in 1613, solidified autocratic governance in Russia
The Time of Troubles was marked by dynastic crisis and foreign intervention in Russia
The election of Michael Romanov by the Zemsky Sobor marked the end of the chaotic era and the beginning of the Romanov dynasty's rule
The early Romanovs focused on restoring order and expanding their territory, setting the stage for absolute monarchy
Peter the Great's comprehensive reforms aimed to modernize Russia through Western technologies and administrative practices
The founding of Saint Petersburg as the new capital symbolized Russia's shift towards European culture
Catherine the Great engaged with European thinkers and applied Enlightenment principles to her rule
The Decembrist Revolt and assassination of Alexander II highlighted growing dissatisfaction with absolute rule in Russia
Alexander II's notable reforms, such as the emancipation of serfs, did not fully address demands for political change
Tsar Nicholas II's attempts at reforms, including the establishment of the Duma, were insufficient to prevent the collapse of the autocracy
Nicholas II's failure to address critical issues, exacerbated by World War I, led to the collapse of the autocracy
The Provisional Government, led by Alexander Kerensky, was overthrown by the Bolsheviks, marking the end of the Romanov dynasty and the beginning of Soviet rule
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Emergence of Russian absolutism
Occurred post-Mongol decline; Tsar's authority unchallenged.
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First Romanov Tsar
Michael I, began rule in 1613; strengthened autocracy.
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Peak of Russian autocracy
Reached under Peter the Great and Catherine the Great in 18th century.
