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The Ottoman Empire's history spans from its 13th-century origins to its 20th-century dissolution. Key events include the conquest of Constantinople and the Battle of Ankara. Its military prowess, exemplified by the Janissaries, and its role in global trade, underscore its historical significance. The empire's enduring influence is evident in the modern Middle East and Balkans.
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Osman I founded the Ottoman Empire in the late 13th century and his dynasty expanded its influence over the Balkans and beyond
Battles and Conquests
The Ottomans demonstrated their growing power through victories in battles such as Kosovo and Nicopolis, and the conquest of Constantinople
Defeat and Civil Strife
The empire suffered a significant defeat at the hands of Timur and went through a period of civil strife before reviving with the conquest of Constantinople
At its peak, the Ottoman Empire covered over 2 million square miles, spanning three continents and rivaling the territorial reach of the Roman Empire
The empire's sophisticated bureaucracy and organized system of provinces and districts allowed for efficient governance of its extensive territories
Gunpowder Weapons
The Ottoman military was known for its strategic use of gunpowder weaponry, including cannons and muskets
Elite Soldiers
The Janissaries, an elite corps of soldiers, played a crucial role in the empire's military successes and also held significant positions in the administrative and political spheres
The Ottoman Empire's strategic location and control over key trade routes allowed for extensive trade and economic prosperity
The empire's decline began in the late 17th century and was characterized by military defeats, territorial losses, and internal challenges
The Ottoman Empire's participation in World War I and subsequent defeat led to its formal dissolution in 1922
Despite its fall, the Ottoman Empire's legacy can still be seen in the cultural, architectural, legal, and political landscapes of the modern Middle East and Balkans