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Hackman and Oldham's Job Characteristics Model is a framework for job design aimed at improving employee motivation, satisfaction, and performance. It outlines five core job characteristics—skill variety, task identity, task significance, autonomy, and feedback—that lead to beneficial psychological states and positive work outcomes. By incorporating these elements, organizations can create roles that not only satisfy but also motivate their workforce, leading to increased productivity and reduced turnover.
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The Job Characteristics Model is a systematic approach to job design that aims to enhance employee motivation, satisfaction, and performance
Skill Variety
Skill variety refers to the degree to which a job requires a variety of different activities and the use of multiple skills and talents
Task Identity
Task identity is the degree to which a job requires the completion of a whole and identifiable piece of work
Task Significance
Task significance is the degree to which a job has a substantial impact on the lives or work of other people
Experienced Meaningfulness of Work
Experienced meaningfulness of work is the feeling that one's work is worthwhile or important, fostered by the presence of skill variety, task identity, and task significance
Experienced Responsibility for Outcomes of Work
Experienced responsibility for outcomes of work is a sense of ownership and control over one's work and its outcomes, enhanced by job autonomy
Knowledge of Actual Results of Work Activities
Knowledge of actual results of work activities is how well an employee understands their job performance, influenced by the job's feedback mechanisms
When employees experience the psychological states induced by the model, they are more likely to show higher job satisfaction, motivation, and performance, leading to increased productivity and reduced turnover for organizations
By intentionally designing jobs to include the five core characteristics, employers can create a work environment that motivates and satisfies their employees
The Job Characteristics Model provides a clear and structured approach to job design, which can be systematically applied to improve employee motivation and satisfaction
The model highlights the connection between job characteristics and psychological states that lead to desirable outcomes for both employees and organizations
The model may not fully account for the changing nature of work or individual differences in employee preferences and needs
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The ______ Model, created by ______ and ______, aims to improve work motivation and satisfaction through job design.
Job Characteristics
J. Richard Hackman
Greg R. Oldham
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Skill Variety Definition
Degree to which job requires different activities using various skills and talents.
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Task Identity Importance
Extent to which job involves completing a whole, identifiable piece of work.
