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The Korean War: A Pivotal Conflict during the Cold War

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The Korean War, a significant Cold War conflict from 1950 to 1953, involved North and South Korea, the US, China, and the UN. It began with North Korea's invasion and ended with an armistice, creating the DMZ. The war's legacy includes a divided Korea, a US military presence in the South, and China's rise as a military power. The human cost was high, with millions of casualties and lasting regional tension.

Overview of the Korean War

The Korean War, a pivotal conflict during the Cold War period, lasted from June 25, 1950, to July 27, 1953. It was a result of the political division of Korea by an agreement of the victorious Allies at the conclusion of the Pacific War at the end of World War II. The United States backed the Republic of Korea (South Korea), while the Soviet Union and later the People's Republic of China supported the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea). The war began when North Korean forces invaded South Korea and ended with an armistice that created the Korean Demilitarized Zone to separate the two countries. However, a formal peace treaty was never signed, leaving the two Koreas in a technical state of war.
Korean War soldiers in combat gear aim rifles and survey rugged terrain under an overcast sky, capturing the tension of 1950s warfare.

The Division of Korea and the Rise of Two Governments

The division of Korea into two halves was an outcome of geopolitical tensions following World War II. The 38th parallel became the dividing line, with the Soviet Union taking control of the north and the United States occupying the south. Initially intended as a temporary measure, the division became permanent as the Cold War deepened. In the South, a government was established with Syngman Rhee as president, while the North formed a communist regime under Kim Il-sung. The withdrawal of occupying forces by 1949 left the Korean peninsula divided and ripe for conflict, as both governments claimed legitimacy over the entire peninsula.

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00

The ______ War, which was part of the Cold War era, commenced on ______ and concluded on ______.

Korean

June 25, 1950

July 27, 1953

01

38th parallel significance in Korea

Post-WWII, the 38th parallel marked the division between Soviet-controlled North Korea and US-occupied South Korea.

02

First leaders of divided Korea

Syngman Rhee became the first president of South Korea, Kim Il-sung the first leader of North Korea.

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