The medical model in mental health views disorders as biologically based, similar to physical diseases. It utilizes diagnostic criteria like the DSM for classification and employs pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy for treatment. The model emphasizes biological underpinnings but also acknowledges the role of environmental factors in mental health. Contemporary psychiatry integrates this model with a holistic approach for personalized care.
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The medical model is a paradigm that views mental disorders as similar to physical diseases
Neurochemical Imbalances
The medical model posits that mental disorders can be caused by imbalances in neurotransmitter systems
Genetic Vulnerabilities
The medical model recognizes the role of genetics in the development of mental disorders
Structural Abnormalities
The medical model acknowledges that structural abnormalities in the brain can contribute to mental health conditions
The medical model relies on standardized diagnostic criteria, such as the DSM, to classify mental health conditions
Psychiatrists use a combination of patient history, physical exams, and psychological assessments to diagnose mental disorders
Pharmacotherapy
The medical model often involves prescribing medications to treat mental health conditions
Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)
In severe cases, the medical model may include the use of ECT as a treatment option
The medical model recognizes the need for a comprehensive treatment plan that addresses both biological and psychosocial aspects of mental health
Critics argue that the medical model may oversimplify the complexity of human psychology and overlook the influence of social and environmental factors
The medical model has been criticized for potentially minimizing the importance of individual agency and the potential for recovery through non-biological means
The field of psychiatry is increasingly recognizing the limitations of a purely medical approach and is moving towards more integrative models that consider biological, psychological, and social factors
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Biological basis of mental disorders in medical model
Mental disorders are viewed as having biological causes, akin to physical illnesses.
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Role of DSM in medical model
DSM provides standardized diagnostic criteria for classifying mental health conditions.
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Diagnostic tools in medical model
Combination of patient history, physical exams, psychological assessments, and sometimes neuroimaging or lab tests.
