Psychoanalytic theory, pioneered by Sigmund Freud, delves into the unconscious mind's influence on personality and behavior. It outlines the conscious, preconscious, and unconscious levels of the mind, and introduces the id, ego, and superego as key components of personality. Freud's psychosexual stages of development and the use of defense mechanisms are central to understanding psychological conflicts. Contributions from other psychoanalysts like Jung, Adler, and Horney have further evolved the field.
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Psychoanalytic theory is a framework for understanding human psychology that emphasizes the role of unconscious processes in shaping personality and behavior
Sigmund Freud
Sigmund Freud is the founder of psychoanalytic theory
Contributions of Other Theorists
Other theorists have expanded and challenged Freud's ideas, enriching the field of psychoanalysis
Psychoanalytic theory emphasizes the role of the unconscious, childhood experiences, and the three interacting systems of personality (id, ego, and superego)
The conscious mind encompasses our immediate thoughts, perceptions, and feelings that we are aware of
The preconscious contains data that is not actively thought about but can be accessed with ease
The unconscious mind holds repressed experiences, instincts, and desires that influence behavior and emotions
The id, ego, and superego interact to shape personality and behavior
The id is driven by the pleasure principle and seeks immediate satisfaction of needs and urges
The superego represents internalized moral standards and ideals
The ego balances the demands of the id and superego with the realities of the external world
Psychosexual stages are characterized by the focus of a child's libidinal energy and involve specific conflicts that must be resolved for healthy personality development
The oral stage is the first stage of psychosexual development, focusing on the mouth as the source of pleasure
The anal stage focuses on the anus as the source of pleasure and involves conflicts related to toilet training
The phallic stage centers on the genitals as the source of pleasure and involves the Oedipus and Electra complexes
The latency stage is a period of relative calm between the phallic and genital stages
The genital stage is the final stage of psychosexual development, focusing on mature sexual relationships
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Freud's therapeutic method, known as ______, aims to reveal and make sense of the hidden aspects of the mind to reduce ______ distress.
psychoanalysis
psychological
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Conscious Mind Characteristics
Immediate thoughts, perceptions, feelings; aware in the present.
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Preconscious Mind Accessibility
Contains data not actively thought about; easily accessed when needed.
