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The Life and Legacy of Frederick Douglass

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Frederick Douglass's journey from slavery to a prominent abolitionist is a testament to his resilience and dedication to human rights. Born into bondage, Douglass educated himself, escaped to freedom, and rose as a powerful voice against slavery. His autobiography, speeches, and post-war advocacy for equal rights, including women's suffrage, cemented his legacy as a pivotal figure in American history.

Early Life and Enslavement of Frederick Douglass

Frederick Douglass, born into slavery in February 1818 on the Eastern Shore of Maryland, emerged as a formidable advocate for human rights. His birth name was Frederick Augustus Washington Bailey, and he spent his early childhood with his grandmother, separated from his mother who was employed on a distant plantation. At the age of eight, he was sent to Baltimore to serve Hugh Auld's family, where he learned the alphabet from Sophia Auld. However, her husband, Hugh, believing that literacy would encourage slaves to desire freedom, halted the lessons. Undeterred, Douglass continued to learn from white children in the neighborhood and by observing the writings of the men he worked with.
Sepia-toned historical photo of a diverse group in 19th-century attire, including a distinguished African American man, outside a brick building.

Resistance and the Path to Literacy

Douglass's pursuit of education became a form of quiet rebellion against the institution of slavery. He was temporarily transferred to Edward Covey, a man known for his cruelty towards slaves, in an attempt to crush Douglass's spirit. However, after a physical confrontation in which Douglass successfully defended himself, Covey never attempted to beat him again. Douglass also sought to empower other enslaved individuals by secretly teaching them to read at a Sabbath school. His first attempt to escape from slavery was thwarted, leading to his imprisonment, but he was eventually sent back to the Aulds in Baltimore.

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00

Born into slavery in ______ on Maryland's Eastern Shore, ______ ______ became a prominent human rights advocate.

February 1818

Frederick Douglass

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Initially named ______ ______ ______ ______, he was separated early on from his mother and raised by his grandmother.

Frederick Augustus Washington Bailey

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Douglass's transfer to Edward Covey

Intended to break Douglass's spirit due to Covey's reputation for cruelty.

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