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Exploring the historical subtypes of schizophrenia, including paranoid, disorganized, catatonic, undifferentiated, and residual, this overview highlights their characteristics and the evolution of treatment. Paranoid schizophrenia is noted for delusions and hallucinations, while disorganized schizophrenia involves erratic speech and behavior. Catatonic schizophrenia is marked by extreme motor symptoms, and undifferentiated schizophrenia encompasses a mix of symptoms. Residual schizophrenia deals with persistent negative symptoms after positive ones have subsided.
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Schizophrenia was historically divided into subtypes based on symptom presentation, but these subtypes are no longer used for clinical diagnosis
Contributions to Schizophrenia Research
Kraepelin and Bleuler were influential in differentiating schizophrenia from mood disorders and coining the term "schizophrenia" to describe its symptoms
The DSM has moved away from using subtypes of schizophrenia due to their limited diagnostic stability and clinical utility
This subtype is characterized by prominent delusions and auditory hallucinations, often involving themes of persecution or grandiosity
This subtype is marked by disorganized speech and behavior, and inappropriate or blunted affect
This subtype includes a range of schizophrenic symptoms that do not fit into other subtypes
This subtype is characterized by extreme motor symptoms and may require intensive care
Antipsychotic medications are commonly used to treat schizophrenia
Psychotherapy, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy, can be beneficial in managing symptoms of schizophrenia
Supportive services can help individuals with schizophrenia improve their social and occupational functioning
ECT may be used in cases of catatonic schizophrenia, but there is a risk of relapse