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Gender dysphoria is a condition where there's distress due to a mismatch between one's gender identity and sex assigned at birth. It involves biological factors like brain structure differences and genetic variants, as well as psychological aspects such as cognitive patterns and social influences. Treatment includes psychotherapy, hormone replacement therapy, and possibly surgery, all aimed at aligning one's physical appearance with their gender identity and reducing distress.
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Gender dysphoria is a recognized medical condition characterized by distress caused by a conflict between one's gender identity and assigned sex at birth
It is important to differentiate gender dysphoria from transgender identity, as not all transgender individuals experience dysphoria
The DSM-5 outlines specific criteria for the diagnosis of gender dysphoria, including incongruence between gender and assigned sex, lasting distress, and impairment in functioning
Research suggests that neurobiological and genetic factors may contribute to the development of gender dysphoria, including variations in brain structure and function and certain gene variants
Twin and family studies have shown a heritable component to gender dysphoria, and genetic syndromes such as CAIS can contribute to the condition
Psychoanalytic, cognitive-behavioral, and social learning theories offer different perspectives on the development of gender dysphoria, highlighting the interplay between individual psychology and social context
The assessment of gender dysphoria involves a comprehensive evaluation by qualified mental health professionals, guided by the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria
Treatment for gender dysphoria is individualized and may include psychotherapy, hormone replacement therapy, and gender-affirming surgeries
HRT is a critical component of medical treatment for gender dysphoria, helping to alleviate distress and promote well-being through the use of puberty blockers and hormone therapy