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The 1953 Iranian Coup

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The 1953 coup d'état in Iran led to the fall of Prime Minister Mohammad Mossadegh, who had nationalized the oil industry, challenging Western interests. Orchestrated by the CIA and MI6, the coup restored the Shah's power, setting a precedent for US and UK intervention in the Middle East and sowing seeds for future conflicts.

The 1953 Coup d'état in Iran and the Fall of Prime Minister Mossadegh

The year 1953 marked a significant turning point in Iranian history with the overthrow of Prime Minister Mohammad Mossadegh. Mossadegh, who had embarked on a path of national reforms, was deposed in a coup d'état that was orchestrated by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) of the United States and the United Kingdom's Secret Intelligence Service (MI6). The coup reinstated the monarchical rule of Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, leading to decades of autocratic governance. This event not only reshaped Iran's political landscape but also demonstrated the extent of US and British intervention in foreign nations during the Cold War, setting a precedent for their involvement in the Middle East.
1950s Tehran street scene with men in traditional Persian attire, vintage cars, and mid-century buildings with arched windows under a clear blue sky.

The Rise of Mohammad Mossadegh and His Reformist Vision

Mohammad Mossadegh, an esteemed lawyer, academic, and politician, was the first Iranian to earn a doctorate in Law from a European institution. He initially withdrew from politics after opposing Reza Khan Pahlavi's rise to power in 1925 but later returned to serve in the Iranian Parliament under Reza Khan's son, Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi. As Prime Minister, Mossadegh championed democratic reforms, sought to diminish foreign dominance in Iran, and pursued social and economic development. His most notable policy was the nationalization of the Iranian oil industry, which aimed to reclaim Iran's natural resources from foreign control and utilize the profits for national progress.

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00

The coup in Iran led to the restoration of ______ ______ ______ ______'s rule and initiated a period of autocratic leadership.

Shah

Mohammad

Reza

Pahlavi

01

First Iranian with European Law Doctorate

Mossadegh was the first Iranian to earn a Law doctorate from a European university.

02

Mossadegh's Political Hiatus

He withdrew from politics after opposing Reza Khan's rise in 1925, returning later to serve in Parliament.

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