The 1953 coup d'état in Iran led to the fall of Prime Minister Mohammad Mossadegh, who had nationalized the oil industry, challenging Western interests. Orchestrated by the CIA and MI6, the coup restored the Shah's power, setting a precedent for US and UK intervention in the Middle East and sowing seeds for future conflicts.
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Mossadegh, an esteemed lawyer and politician, became the first Iranian to earn a doctorate in Law from a European institution and later served as Prime Minister
Nationalization of the Iranian oil industry
Mossadegh's most notable policy was the nationalization of the Iranian oil industry, aimed at reclaiming Iran's natural resources and utilizing the profits for national progress
The fear of communism's spread and Mossadegh's nationalistic policies and reforms, along with domestic political tensions, contributed to the coup
The CIA and MI6 orchestrated a covert operation, known as Operation Ajax, to remove Mossadegh from power
With the support of orchestrated protests and military action, Mossadegh was arrested and a government more amenable to Western interests was established
The coup left a deep scar on the Iranian national psyche, contributing to anti-Western sentiment and setting the stage for the Iranian Revolution of 1979
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The coup in Iran led to the restoration of ______ ______ ______ ______'s rule and initiated a period of autocratic leadership.
Shah
Mohammad
Reza
Pahlavi
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First Iranian with European Law Doctorate
Mossadegh was the first Iranian to earn a Law doctorate from a European university.
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Mossadegh's Political Hiatus
He withdrew from politics after opposing Reza Khan's rise in 1925, returning later to serve in Parliament.
