Extranuclear inheritance involves the transmission of genetic information outside the nucleus, primarily through mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA. This non-Mendelian inheritance is key in understanding genetic disorders, maternal lineage, and evolutionary biology. It includes maternal inheritance of mitochondrial DNA, horizontal transmission of extranuclear genomes, and various inheritance patterns such as vegetative segregation, uniparental, and biparental inheritance. The study of mitochondrial mutations further illuminates the impact of extranuclear DNA on phenotypic variations and hereditary diseases.
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1
The DNA within ______ and ______ is primarily involved in extranuclear inheritance.
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2
Mitochondrial DNA is often inherited from a single parent, typically the ______.
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3
Definition of mitochondrial inheritance
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4
Role of mitochondria in cells
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5
Significance of maternal mitochondrial DNA lineage
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6
______ inheritance includes the transfer of genes from ______ and ______ bacteria.
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7
Viruses may pass on their genes to offspring if the mother contracts an infection ______ or just before ______.
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8
The bacteria known as ______ can be transmitted from mother to offspring in insects, influencing the host's ______ and ______.
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9
Inheritance that occurs outside of the nucleus broadens the understanding of heredity, going beyond ______ transmission from ______ to ______.
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10
Define vegetative segregation in extranuclear inheritance.
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11
Explain uniparental inheritance and its common patterns in mitochondria and chloroplasts.
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12
Characterize biparental inheritance and its prevalence.
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13
Research on mitochondrial mutations highlights their importance in ______ inheritance and their effects on ______.
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14
Characteristics of extranuclear inheritance
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15
Impact of extranuclear inheritance on genetic disorders
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16
Role in phylogenetics and evolution
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