Explore the structure and function of macromolecules, including carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids, and their monomeric units. Understand the unique characteristics of lipids in biological systems. Delve into cell theory, the composition of cell membranes, and the specialized roles of organelles in eukaryotic cells. Learn about the dynamics of cell metabolism, the stages of cellular respiration, the transformative process of photosynthesis, and the intricate mechanisms of cell signaling. The text also covers the cell cycle and the principles of reproduction.
see more1
5
Want to create maps from your material?
Enter text, upload a photo, or audio to Algor. In a few seconds, Algorino will transform it into a conceptual map, summary, and much more!
Try Algor
Click on each Card to learn more about the topic
1
Monomers of Carbohydrates
Click to check the answer
2
Protein Diversity Basis
Click to check the answer
3
Function of Nucleic Acids
Click to check the answer
4
Unlike other large and complex molecules, lipids are not made up of ______ chains.
Click to check the answer
5
Substances like ______, phospholipids, and steroids are categorized as lipids.
Click to check the answer
6
The ______ nature of lipids is key to the formation of cell membrane layers.
Click to check the answer
7
The lipid bilayer is vital for preserving ______ integrity and enabling membrane fluidity.
Click to check the answer
8
Basic unit of life according to cell theory?
Click to check the answer
9
Origin of new cells?
Click to check the answer
10
Size range of typical cells?
Click to check the answer
11
The ______ ______ acts as a barrier separating the cell's interior from the outside world.
Click to check the answer
cell membrane
12
The ______ ______ is selectively permeable, controlling the movement of substances in and out of the cell.
Click to check the answer
cell membrane
13
Embedded ______ in the membrane are crucial for functions like signaling, adhesion, and energy conversion.
Click to check the answer
proteins
14
Membrane proteins function as channels, ______, receptors, and enzymes, facilitating the cell's interaction with its surroundings.
Click to check the answer
carriers
15
Function of the nucleus in eukaryotic cells
Click to check the answer
Contains genetic material; controls cell activities.
16
Role of cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells
Click to check the answer
Maintains cell shape; facilitates intracellular transport and motility.
17
Unique features of plant cells
Click to check the answer
Have chloroplasts for photosynthesis; vacuoles for storage and support.
18
______ metabolism encompasses biochemical reactions for converting nutrients to energy, synthesizing molecules, and waste elimination.
Click to check the answer
Cell
19
______ are crucial for metabolism as they act as biological catalysts, reducing the ______ energy of reactions.
Click to check the answer
Enzymes activation
20
By lowering the activation energy, enzymes regulate metabolic pathways and promote ______ biochemical processes.
Click to check the answer
efficient
21
Definition of Cellular Respiration
Click to check the answer
Process where cells convert nutrients into ATP, release CO2 and H2O.
22
Role of Oxygen in Cellular Respiration
Click to check the answer
Oxygen is essential for aerobic respiration, the most efficient ATP production.
23
Outcome of Anaerobic Respiration
Click to check the answer
Produces ATP without oxygen by glycolysis, regenerates NAD+, yields lactic acid or ethanol.
24
During photosynthesis, light absorption, ______ transport, and ______ production occur, resulting in carbon fixation.
Click to check the answer
electron ATP
25
The ______ cycle uses ATP and NADPH from light-dependent reactions to convert CO2 into organic molecules like ______.
Click to check the answer
Calvin glucose
26
As a byproduct of photosynthesis, ______ is generally emitted.
Click to check the answer
27
In photosynthesis, the light-dependent reactions create ATP and NADPH by capturing ______ energy.
Click to check the answer
28
Definition of cell signaling
Click to check the answer
29
Role of receptors in cell signaling
Click to check the answer
30
Signal transduction pathway function
Click to check the answer
31
The ______ is a series of events for a cell to grow and split, including growth, DNA copying, and division.
Click to check the answer
32
To ensure the precise copying and distribution of chromosomes, the cell cycle is regulated by ______ and ______.
Click to check the answer
33
In sexual reproduction, ______ leads to the creation of haploid gametes, which unite at fertilization to form a ______ organism.
Click to check the answer
34
The fusion of haploid gametes during fertilization not only restores the ______ state but also contributes to ______ and species continuation.
Click to check the answer
Biology
Cell Cycle and Genetics
View documentBiology
Phylogenetic Relationships in Biology
View documentBiology
Exploring the Vast Landscape of Biological Sciences
View documentBiology
The Science of Botany and Its Historical Roots
View document