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Understanding variables is crucial in psychological research. Independent variables are manipulated to observe effects on dependent variables, while extraneous and confounding variables are controlled. Techniques like randomization and matching are used to ensure the validity of research findings and to maintain the integrity of studies. This knowledge is essential for evaluating psychological studies and their credibility.
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The IV is the factor that researchers manipulate to observe its effects on the dependent variable
The DV is the outcome of interest that is believed to be directly influenced by the IV
Extraneous variables are those that are not the focus of the study but may affect the DV, potentially confounding the results if not properly controlled
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______ variables may influence the outcome variable in research, but they are not the primary focus and can confuse the findings if not managed correctly.
Extraneous
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Definition of Independent Variable (IV)
Variable manipulated or controlled by the researcher to test its effects on the DV.
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Definition of Dependent Variable (DV)
Variable observed and measured for change; expected to be influenced by the IV.
