Resistance to Social Influence

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Exploring resistance to social influence, this content delves into how social support and locus of control empower individuals to maintain autonomy against conformity and obedience pressures. It examines the role of psychological and emotional resources provided by allies and the impact of internal versus external attributions of control on resisting social pressures. Research by Asch, Milgram, and others highlights the interplay between situational and dispositional factors in social resistance.

Summary

Outline

Resistance to Social Influence

Social Influence

Definition of Social Influence

Social influence is the process by which individuals adjust their thoughts, feelings, or behaviors in response to the presence of others

Forms of Social Influence

Persuasion

Persuasion is a form of social influence where individuals are influenced to change their thoughts or behaviors through communication

Conformity

Conformity is a form of social influence where individuals adjust their thoughts or behaviors to match those of a group

Obedience

Obedience is a form of social influence where individuals comply with the demands of an authority figure

Resistance to Social Influence

Resistance to social influence involves maintaining personal autonomy and decision-making in the face of social pressure

Social Support

Definition of Social Support

Social support refers to the psychological and emotional resources provided by others that can strengthen an individual's resolve to maintain their own opinions and behaviors against conformist pressures

Sources of Social Support

Individuals with Similar Views

Individuals who share similar views can provide social support for resisting conformity

Communities with Shared Values

Communities that uphold the same values can provide social support for resisting conformity

Impact of Social Support

Social support can diminish feelings of isolation and empower individuals to stand against majority influence

Locus of Control

Definition of Locus of Control

Locus of control is the belief in whether outcomes are influenced by internal factors under one's control or external factors beyond one's control

Internal Locus of Control

Individuals with an internal locus of control believe they can influence events and outcomes through their actions, leading to a stronger resistance to social pressures

External Locus of Control

Individuals with an external locus of control may be more inclined to yield to social influence, believing their actions have little effect on outcomes

Research on Resistance to Social Influence

Classic Experiments

Solomon Asch's Conformity Experiment

Asch's experiment showed that social support can reduce the tendency to conform

Stanley Milgram's Obedience Experiment

Milgram's experiment showed that social support can reduce the tendency to obey authority figures

Influence of Locus of Control

Samuel and Pearl Oliner's Study

The Oliners' study found that individuals with a pronounced internal locus of control are more likely to resist social pressures

Paul Spector's Research

Spector's research indicates that individuals with a pronounced internal locus of control are more likely to resist social pressures

Importance of Social Support and Locus of Control

These studies highlight the importance of both social support and individual beliefs in shaping resistance to social influence

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Define social influence.

Social influence: process where individuals change thoughts, feelings, behaviors due to others' real/imagined presence.

Forms of social influence.

Forms include persuasion (changing beliefs/behaviors via argument), conformity (aligning with group norms), obedience (following direct orders).

Importance of resistance to social influence.

Resistance maintains personal autonomy/decision-making against social pressure, essential for individuality.

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Locus of Control and Its Impact on Social Resistance

Locus of control, a concept developed by psychologist Julian Rotter, is pivotal in understanding an individual's response to social influence. It describes whether a person attributes outcomes to internal factors under their own control or to external factors beyond their control. Individuals with an internal locus of control generally believe they can influence events and outcomes through their actions, which can lead to a stronger resistance to social pressures. In contrast, those with an external locus of control may be more inclined to yield to social influence, believing that their actions have little effect on the outcomes.

Evaluating Resistance to Social Influence Through Research

Research studies have provided insights into the mechanisms of resistance to social influence. Classic experiments by Solomon Asch on conformity and Stanley Milgram on obedience have shown that social support can significantly reduce the tendency to conform or obey authority figures. Further research by Samuel and Pearl Oliner, and by Paul Spector, indicates that individuals with a pronounced internal locus of control are more likely to resist social pressures. These studies highlight the importance of both social support and individual beliefs in shaping resistance to social influence.

The Interplay Between Situational and Dispositional Factors

The resistance to social influence is influenced by an interplay of situational and dispositional factors. Situational factors, such as the presence of an ally, can provide immediate support against conformity pressures. Dispositional factors, like an individual's locus of control, can have a lasting influence on their propensity to resist social pressures. Understanding how these factors interact is essential for a comprehensive view of social influence and resistance.

Conclusion: The Dynamics of Social Influence Resistance

In summary, resistance to social influence is a dynamic interplay of situational and dispositional factors. The presence of social support and the belief in one's control over events both play critical roles in an individual's ability to resist conformity and obedience. Recognizing these factors is key to understanding human behavior within social contexts and can help individuals navigate social pressures while preserving their autonomy.

Resistance to Social Influence

Concept Map

Summary

Outline

Resistance to Social Influence