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John Wilmot, the 2nd Earl of Rochester, was a prominent poet and courtier in King Charles II's court. Known for his satirical and amorous poetry, Wilmot's works reflect the libertine ethos of the Restoration era. His life, marked by scandal and wit, ended at 33, leaving a legacy of influential literary contributions that continue to be studied.
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John Wilmot was born into an aristocratic family in Ditchley, Oxfordshire, and inherited the title of Earl of Rochester from his father
Classical Education
Wilmot received a classical education and attended Wadham College, Oxford, before leaving to travel abroad due to the ongoing civil strife
Travels Abroad
Wilmot left England to travel abroad due to the English Civil War and conflicts between Parliamentarians and Royalists
Despite his aristocratic status, Wilmot faced financial instability throughout his life
Wilmot's relationship with Charles II was tumultuous, with moments of favor and disfavor due to his wild escapades and imprisonment
After his release from imprisonment, Wilmot married Elizabeth Malet, whom the king had hoped he would marry
Wilmot was banished from court for presenting an irreverent poem about Charles II to the king himself
Wilmot became famous for his sharp wit and often risqué poetry and plays during the Restoration era
Critiques of the Monarchy
Wilmot's satirical works, such as 'A Satyr on Charles II', were celebrated for their daring critiques of the king and society
Social Commentary
Wilmot's satirical works also provided incisive social commentary on the norms of the Restoration period
Wilmot's poetry was known for its unique approach to conventional forms and themes, delving into the complexities of human relationships and sexuality
Despite his marriage, Wilmot maintained a reputation for debauchery, which led to his exile from court and contributed to his declining health
Wilmot's literary talent has been recognized posthumously, with his works continuing to be published and studied for their artistic merit
In his last days, Wilmot reportedly experienced a religious conversion and destroyed some of his scandalous writings