Exploring the fundamental thermodynamic relation, this overview highlights the role of entropy in chemical thermodynamics, its significance in open systems, and its impact on phase transitions. It delves into entropy generation, changes in ideal gas processes, and the thermodynamics of phase changes, providing essential insights into the behavior of systems under various conditions.
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1
The equation representing this concept is written as dU = TdS - pdV, where dU signifies the ______ change in internal energy.
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2
In the equation dU = TdS - pdV, T stands for the ______ temperature and dS for the differential change in ______.
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3
The variable 'p' in the fundamental thermodynamic relation denotes ______, while dV represents the differential change in ______.
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4
This thermodynamic relation is not limited to quasistatic processes but applies to any process, even when the system is not in ______.
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5
The fundamental thermodynamic relation is crucial for deriving other thermodynamic equations like the ______ relations and heat capacity equations.
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6
Equations derived from the fundamental thermodynamic relation are valid for all systems, regardless of their ______ details.
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7
Entropy definition in thermodynamics
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8
Clausius definition of entropy change equation
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9
Standard molar entropy significance
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10
In chemical engineering, ______ systems interact with their environment by exchanging mass and ______.
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11
In the entropy balance equation, Ṁ_k stands for the mass flow rate of component k, and Ŝ_k represents the ______ entropy of that component.
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specific
12
Q̇ and T in the entropy balance equation refer to the rate of ______ transfer and the absolute ______, respectively.
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heat temperature
13
Ŝ_gen, a term in the entropy balance for open systems, denotes the rate of entropy ______, which is always non-negative.
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14
Entropy ______ occurs due to irreversible processes like chemical reactions and is consistent with the ______ law of thermodynamics.
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15
The second law of thermodynamics states that while energy remains ______, entropy does not and is actually ______ in all real processes.
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16
Isothermal process entropy change equation for ideal gas
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17
Entropy change at constant pressure for ideal gas
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18
Entropy change at constant volume for ideal gas
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19
The entropy of fusion is found using the formula ΔS_fus = ΔH_fus/______, where T_m represents the ______.
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20
To calculate the entropy of vaporization, the formula ΔS_vap = ΔH_vap/______ is used, with T_b indicating the ______.
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21
Phase transitions occur without a change in ______ and ______, and are key to understanding thermodynamic systems.
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