Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) involve challenges in social interaction and communication, often accompanied by repetitive behaviors. This overview delves into key psychological concepts such as the Empathizing-Systemizing theory, executive dysfunction, weak central coherence, and theory of mind. It also discusses the ethical considerations in autism research and the role of social cognitive theories, including the mirror neuron system and social motivation theory, in understanding ASD.
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Individuals with ASD may have a lower capacity for empathizing and demonstrate superior systemizing abilities
Challenges with Planning and Flexibility
Individuals with ASD may struggle with task initiation and adaptability due to difficulties with planning and flexibility
Individuals with ASD may have a cognitive style that favors detail-focused processing over global or holistic processing
Impairments in ToM
Individuals with ASD may have difficulties understanding that others have beliefs, desires, and intentions that are different from their own
Assessment through Tasks
Tasks such as the Tower of Hanoi can highlight issues with executive functioning in individuals with ASD
Assessment through Tasks
Tasks like the Embedded Figures Test can reveal a preference for detail-oriented processing in individuals with ASD
Atypical activity in the MNS may impact social learning and empathy in individuals with ASD
Individuals with ASD may find social stimuli less inherently rewarding, leading to reduced social engagement
Research into ToM and autism must adhere to strict ethical standards, including obtaining informed consent and protecting participants from harm
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Theories in ______ and cognitive models aim to explain the cognitive and social challenges faced by individuals with ______, such as issues with ______ and understanding complex language.
psychology
ASD
empathy
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E-S Theory Originator
Simon Baron-Cohen formulated the Empathizing-Systemizing theory.
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Empathizing Deficit in ASD
Individuals with ASD often struggle with empathizing, impacting social interactions.
