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The rise of consumerism in capitalist societies is closely linked to the Second Industrial Revolution's mass production and the growth of the middle class. Advertising's emotional appeals, planned obsolescence, and the integration of consumer culture into social values have significantly influenced consumer behavior. The text also examines the evolution of women's roles in consumerism and the global influence of American consumer culture, highlighting the dual impact of consumerism on the economy and society.
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The Second Industrial Revolution, spanning from the late 19th to the early 20th centuries, led to significant societal changes and the rise of consumerism
Planned Obsolescence
Planned obsolescence, intentionally limiting product lifespan or releasing new versions, became a common corporate strategy in the 1920s to perpetuate the consumerist cycle
Advertising pioneers recognized the power of emotional marketing in shaping consumer behavior and creating a consumer culture
Advertisers gained significant economic and political clout, shaping societal values and promoting the "American dream" as linked to material prosperity
The World Wars catalyzed a shift in societal roles, with many women entering the workforce and advertisers targeting them with products related to their evolving roles
The portrayal of women in advertising reflected and shaped societal views on gender roles and expectations
The concept of ethical consumerism has gained traction, advocating for mindful purchasing decisions that align with personal ethics and can drive social change
Consumerism has been a catalyst for economic growth and technological advancement through increased consumer expenditure
Excessive Consumption and Debt
Consumerism can lead to excessive consumption and debt, as well as the problematic association of material goods with happiness and self-worth
The negative effects of consumerism have led to the rise of ethical consumerism and a critical examination of its impact on society
The United States has played a pivotal role in championing consumerism, with its prolific production of innovative goods and the widespread acceptance of consumer debt
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Era of Second Industrial Revolution
Late 19th to early 20th centuries; shift from manual to mass production.
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Impact of mass production on society
Increased urbanization, emergence of working and middle classes, infrastructural advancements.
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Role of middle class in consumer economy
New disposable income led to higher consumption of mass-produced goods, driving economic growth.
