Plate Tectonics

______ ______ is a slow, cyclical motion in Earth's mantle due to heat moving from the core to the surface.

The movement of ______ ______ is significantly influenced by the process of mantle convection.

In the mantle, hotter material tends to ______ while cooler material tends to ______.

______ ______ is a phenomenon where the flow in the mantle around a subducting slab can also contribute to the movement of tectonic plates.

Mantle Plumes Impact on Plate Tectonics

Surge Tectonics Mechanism

Convection Paradigm vs. Alternative Theories

The process known as ______ ______ is driven by gravity as the newly formed oceanic lithosphere at - ridges cools and moves laterally.

______ ______ is the primary force behind plate tectonics, where the heavy, aged oceanic lithosphere sinks into the mantle at ______ ______.

Primary drivers of plate movement

Role of tidal forces in plate tectonics

Impact of Earth's rotation axis changes

The movement of ______ plates is influenced by various forces, including slab pull and mantle convection.

Plates like the ______ Plate, which have subducting slabs, tend to move more swiftly.

______, especially at mid-ocean ridges, is a key factor in the movement of tectonic plates.